摘要
“孔子诛少正卯案”是中国古代经典案例之一,学界对其已有较多研究,但多侧重于历史学和文献学分析,较少关注实践中的援引与适用。梳理宋代援引“孔子诛少正卯案”的一系列案件可知,宋人对该案的援引频率远高于其他时代,不但王安石、苏轼、李纲、朱熹等著名人物曾被指为少正卯,而且指控相当有效,被指者大多速遭贬逐。宋代疑古辨伪思潮兴起,并不缺乏质疑该案真实性的学术能力,但理论上的质疑与实践中的援引同步而行。孔子对少正卯未审而诛,不符合儒家德治恤刑理念,却并没有影响宋人将该案奉为经典。可见经典名案的效力创生,并不取决于案件的真确性,而取决于援引的语境适恰性。宋代蓬勃高涨的“君子小人之辨”,复古思潮引发的“先王之法”崇拜,刑罚实践中重刑主义的复兴,使“孔子诛少正卯案”获得了高度的语境适恰性,其对司法程序和定罪标准常规化的破坏值得重视。
The case of Confucius executing Shaozhengmao is one of ancient China's classic cases,with much scholarly research focusing on historical and textual analysis rather than practical application.In the Song Dynasty,this case was cited much more frequently than in other eras,with notable figures such as Wang Anshi,Su Shi,Li Gang,and Zhu Xi being compared to Shaozhengmao,often leading to their rapid demotion.Despite scholarly skepticism about the case's authenticity,its citation in practice continued,showing that the creation of a case's significance depends on the appropriateness of its citation context rather than its factual accuracy.The Song Dynasty's"nobleman-villain distinction,"the revival of"the laws of the ancient kings,"and the resurgence of harsh punishment in penal practice contributed to the high contextual suitability of citing the case,highlighting its impact on the normalization of judicial procedures and conviction standards,which is worthy of much more attention.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期784-800,共17页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
国家社科基金项目“清代成案的性质与功能研究”(项目编号:17BFX030)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
孔子
少正卯
援引
经典名案
法律效力
Confucius
Shaozhengmao
Citation
Classic Case
Legal Effect
