摘要
大环化合物作为超分子化学的重要结构化合物,在生物医药、环境科学及分子材料科学等领域应用广泛。冠醚作为第一代大环化合物,其内部独特的环状结构可与金属离子发生络合作用,从而实现对金属离子的选择性识别及分离,广泛应用于分离材料。综述了冠醚的种类及对金属离子选择性分离的机理,并就其合成离子印迹聚合物的表面印迹原理进行了总结。由于外界环境刺激能够影响冠醚的离子印迹状态,综述了冠醚在光和磁两个方面的离子印迹响应修饰及其在吸附材料和膜材料中对金属离子吸附性能的研究进展。结果表明,经冠醚功能化改性后,吸附材料和膜材料表面的选择性吸附位点增多,与金属离子络合的表面活性提高,从而有利于其对金属离子的选择性识别及分离。最后,对冠醚在今后的研究中存在的成本、性能测试及毒性富集等问题进行了讨论,并对冠醚以后的研究发展做出展望,为冠醚提取金属离子的应用提供研究方向。
As an important structure of supramolecular chemistry,macrocyclic compounds are widely used in the fields of biomedicine,environmental science and molecular materials science.As the first generation of macrocyclic compounds,crown ether is widely used in the separation of materials because of its unique ring structure,which can be complexed with metal ions to achieve selective recognition and separation of metal ions.The types of crown ethers and the mechanism of selective separation of metal ions were reviewed,and the surface imprinting principle of ion imprinted polymers was summarized.Since the external environmental stimulation could affect the ion imprinting state of crown ether,the ion imprinting response modification of crown ether in both light and magnetic aspects and its research progress on the adsorption properties of metal ions in adsorption materials and membrane materials were reviewed.The results showed that the selective adsorption sites on the surface of the adsorption materials and the membrane materials were increased after the functional modification of the crown ether,and the surface activity of the complexation with the metal ions was increased,which was beneficial to the selective recognition and separation of the metal ions.Finally,the problems of cost,performance test and toxicity enrichment of crown ether in the future research were discussed,and the future research and development of crown ether was prospected,which provided a research direction for the application of crown ether to extract metal ions.
作者
艾欣
董琪
豆叶帆
李恩泽
成怀刚
潘子鹤
AI Xin;DONG Qi;DOU Yefan;LI Enze;CHENG Huaigang;PAN Zihe(Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《无机盐工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期14-25,共12页
Inorganic Chemicals Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(22278253,22278251)
国家自然基金-联合基金项目(U20A20149)
青海大学盐湖化工大型系列研究设施开放研究项目(2023-DXSSKF-06)。
关键词
冠醚
表面印迹
选择性识别及分离
金属离子提取
crown ether
surface imprinting
selective recognition and separation
metal ion extraction
