摘要
化学反应速率常数受温度影响很大,动力学实验教学中常先预热后取液,溶液转移过程中的室温暴露使体系温度失衡,易导致初始数据误差大,动力学曲线变形;定量移液、启动计时、混合溶液等需同步操作,学生不熟练易忙乱出错;溶液预热时试剂过量,易造成浪费等。针对上述问题,本实验室自制了“裤型”动力学反应瓶及其配套装置,使溶液的移取、预热和混合逐步进行,实验步骤更加合理,减少了温度失衡引起的实验误差及学生的操作失误,并可节约试剂。该瓶已实际应用于本校的物理化学实验教学中,改进和丰富了实验内容,更好地锻炼了学生的操作能力,并对培养学生综合分析与解决问题的能力、提高学生科研素养、提升实验教学效果起到了一定作用。
The rate constants in chemical reactions are highly temperature-sensitive.In kinetic experiments,the solutions are usually preheated respectively before transferring them quantitatively for reaction.This common practice often leads to temperature imbalances due to the solution’s exposure to room temperature during transfer process,causing significant initial data errors and distortion of kinetic curves.Moreover,the simultaneous operations required for quantitative transfer,initiation of timing,and solution mixing can overwhelm inexperienced students and lead to errors.Excessive reagent use during preheating can also result in waste.To address these issues,our group has developed a“trousers-shaped”kinetic reaction flask along with its supporting devices.This flask enables gradual solution transfer,preheating,and mixing,making the experimental procedure more logical and reducing both temperature-induced errors and student operation mistakes,while also saving reagents.The flask has been practically applied in our university’s physical chemistry experimental teaching,enriching the experimental content,improving students’operational skills,and enhancing their ability to analyze and solve problems comprehensively.It also contributes to elevating students’research literacy and the overall effectiveness of experimental teaching.
作者
张业云
樊玲
王彦美
尚贞锋
Yeyun Zhang;Ling Fan;Yanmei Wang;Zhenfeng Shang(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)
出处
《大学化学》
CAS
2024年第4期100-106,共7页
University Chemistry
基金
南开大学2022年自制实验教学仪器项目(22NKZZYQ01)
南开大学2023年实验课程改革项目(23NKSYSX01)。
关键词
“裤型”反应瓶
化学动力学
实验教学
“Trousers-shaped”reaction flask
Chemical kinetics
Experimental teaching
