摘要
孤独症是一类儿童神经发育障碍性疾病,核心症状表现为社会交往障碍以及重复刻板的兴趣和行为。各种环境致病因素和易感基因相互作用导致孤独症的病因学复杂,病理机制不清,缺乏有效的治疗手段。虽然孤独症的症状呈现谱系特点,但表达孤独症核心症状的神经病理学异常却可能有很大的共同性,病因学的殊途有可能在回路病理学表现为同归。从孤独症的行为异常来看,与情绪调节、运动控制、环境线索意义表征有关的神经回路,必然在孤独症的症状表达中处于关键地位。中脑多巴胺(DA)系统通过对皮层和纹状体等投射脑区的细胞和突触活动的功能调节,参与感觉运动、注意和动机功能、奖赏和目标导向等行为的调控,其病变很有可能表征孤独症的核心症状。本文综述了DA系统参与孤独症症状表达的神经回路病理学的研究进展,以及孤独症DA学说面临的主要挑战。
Autism is a class of neurodevelopmental disorders in children,the core symptoms of which are impaired social interactions and repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests.The interaction of various environmental pathogenic factors and susceptibility genes leads to complex etiology,unclear pathological mechanism and lack of effective treatment for autism.Although the symptoms of autism show spectrum characteristics,the neuropathological abnormalities that express the core symptoms of autism may have great commonality,and the etiology may be the same in the circuit pathology.From the perspective of behavioral abnormalities in autism,neural circuits related to emotion regulation,motor control,and meaning representation of environmental cues must be in a key position in the expression of symptoms of autism.The midbrain dopamine(DA)system is involved in the regulation of sensorimotor,attentional and motivational functions,reward-and goal-oriented behaviors through the functional regulation of cells and synaptic activities in projective brain regions such as cortex and striatum,and its pathological changes are likely to represent the core symptoms of autism.This paper reviews the research progress of neural circuit pathology in which DA system is involved in the expression of symptoms of autism,and the main challenges faced by DA theory of autism.
作者
郑其
范娟
田英芳
任维
ZHENG Qi;FAN Juan;TIAN Yingfang;REN Wei(College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;Faculty of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710062,China)
出处
《空军军医大学学报》
CAS
2024年第6期705-709,716,共6页
Journal of Air Force Medical University
基金
国家自然科学基金(81971285)
陕西省自然科学基金(2024JC-YBMS-698)。
关键词
孤独症
多巴胺
基底神经节
病理机制
autism
dopamine
basal ganglia
pathological mechanisms
