摘要
为揭示皂荚果实表型性状变异规律及其与环境因子的关系,并评估不同种质的优良程度,在山西省不同地区采集了42株皂荚的果实,测定了11个指标(荚果长度、荚果宽度、荚果厚度、种子长度和种子宽度等),应用聚类分析法分析各类群的特征,利用主成分分析法筛选优良种质资源。结果表明:皂荚果实种实性状变异系数为9.82%~58.18%,平均为25.28%;在不同种实性状中,出籽率、总皂苷比例、荚壳质量和荚果质量等的变异系数最大(>30%);荚果宽度、种子长度、种子宽度和荚壳比等的变异系数最低(<15%)。42株皂荚分为4个类群,各类群具有明显特征。纬度、年降水量、年均气温、速效钾质量分数和有效磷质量分数等是影响山西省皂荚种实性状变异的关键环境因子。样株S3、S4、S38、S40等4株皂荚得分最高,具有潜在的选育价值。因此,山西省皂荚种实性状变异大,遗传背景丰富,能适应各种环境,具有良好的选育前景。
To reveal the variation pattern of fruit phenotypic traits of Gleditsia sinensis and its relationship with environmental factors,and to assess the excellence degree of different germplasms,fruits of 42 G.sinensis trees were collected from various regions in Shanxi Province.Eleven indicators including pod length,pod width,pod thickness,seed length,and seed width were measured.Cluster analysis was applied to analyze the characteristics of each group and principal component analysis was used to screen superior germplasm resources.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of G.sinensis fruit traits ranged from 9.82%to 58.18%,with an average of 25.28%.Among different fruit traits,the highest variation coefficients(>30%)were observed for seed extraction rate,total saponin content,pod shell mass,and pod mass,while pod width,seed length,seed width,and pod shell ratio had the lowest variation coefficients(<15%).The 42 G.sinensis trees were classified into 4 clusters,each with distinct features.Latitude,annual precipitation,mean annual temperature,available potassium content,and available phosphorus content were key environmental factors influencing the variation of G.sinensis fruit traits in Shanxi Province.The scores of specimens S3,S4,S38,and S40 were the highest,indicating their potential breeding value.Therefore,G.sinensis in Shanxi Province exhibits significant variation in fruit traits,rich genetic backgrounds,high adaptability to various environments,and promising breeding prospects.
作者
韩丽君
Han Lijun(Shanxi Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Taiyuan 030012,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期13-18,共6页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
山西省科技成果转化引导专项(202204021301069)
山西省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX20231A068)。
关键词
皂荚
种实性状
变异
环境因子
种质筛选
Gleditsia sinensis
Fruit-seed traits
Variation
Environmental factors
Germplasm selection
