摘要
猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)与花面狸(Paguma larvata)是浙江遂昌山地小型食肉兽中的优势物种,具有相似的食性和环境选择。为探明同域分布的猪獾与花面狸的共存机制,于2020年6月至2022年6月,在浙江省遂昌县5个样区(白马山、千佛山、九龙山、牛头山和湖山)进行红外相机监测,选取相机布设位点71个,布设123台红外相机,总有效工作日19654个,独立有效事件2184次,使用物种分布模型和日活动节律模型对该地区的猪獾与花面狸的时空生态位进行分析。结果表明:(1)两者为当地中级捕食者中的优势物种,但猪獾(RAI=9.26)的相对多度指数高于花面狸(RAI=3.96);(2)两者对于生境选择具有较高相似性,空间生态位上的重叠系数为:D=0.783,I=0.960;(3)两者昼夜活动差异极显著(P<0.01),猪獾昼夜均有活动,花面狸主要在夜间活动。猪獾与花面狸在空间生态位上存在较大程度重叠,但在时间生态位上存在较大程度分化,表明两者之间倾向于通过反应性策略共存。本研究结果初步揭示了猪獾与花面狸的时空生态位特征与共存机制,为深入理解同域中级捕食者种间关系及区域内生物多样性的保护提供实例和理论参考。
The hog badger(Arctonyx collaris)and the masked palm civet(Paguma larvata)are dominant species among small carnivores in the mountainous areas of Suichang,Zhejiang,with similar feeding habits and environmental niches.In order to explore the mechanism by which hog badger and masked palm civet coexist in the same region,we conducted infrared camera monitoring in five sample areas(Baima Mountain,Qianfo Mountain,Jiulong Mountain,Niutou Mountain,and Hushan)of Suichang County,Zhejiang Province from June 2020 to June 2022.71 camera deployment sites were selected and a total of 123 infrared cameras were used,resulting in a total of 19654 effective working days and 2184 independent effective events.We build species distribution models and daily activity rhythm models to ana‐lyze the spatiotemporal niches of hog badger and masked palm civet in the region.The results showed that both species were dominant among the local intermediate predators,but the relative abundance index(RAI)of hog badgers(9.26)was higher than that of masked palm civets(3.96).Both species exhibited high similarity in habitat selection,with an overlap coefficient of 0.783 and an index of 0.960 in spatial niche.There was a significant difference in diurnal activity between the two species(P<0.01),with hog badgers being active both during the day and night,while masked palm civets were mainly active at night.There was a significant overlap in spatial niche between hog badgers and masked palm civets,but a considerable differentiation in temporal niche,indicating a tendency for coexistence through reactive strategies between the two species.This study provides preliminary insights into the spatio-temporal niche characteristics and coexistence mechanisms of hog badgers and masked palm civets and serves as an example and theoretical reference for understanding interspecific relationships and biodiversity conservation of coexisting intermediate predators in the same region.
作者
赵家乐
龚笑飞
潘江炎
李悦
温作豪
叶毅
高建明
赵阿勇
林植华
ZHAO Jiale;GONG Xiaofei;PAN Jiangyan;LI Yue;WEN Zuohao;YE Yi;GAO Jianming;ZHAO Ayong;LIN Zhihua(College of Animal Science and Technology•College of Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Lin’an 311300,China;Suichang Ecological Forestry Development Center,Suichang 323300,China;College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Ecology,Lishui University,Lishui 323000,China)
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期297-308,共12页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31500329)
生态环境部南京环境科学研究所委托项目(21-12-08)
丽水市重点研发计划项目(2020ZDYF07)
遂昌县林业发展中心委托项目(21-12-01)。
关键词
猪獾
花面狸
生态位
种间关系
日活动节律
Arctonyx collaris
Paguma larvata
Ecological niche
Interspecies relation
Daily activity rhythm
