摘要
人脑类器官技术为人类神经系统所特有的神经发育和疾病过程研究提供了具有生理相关性的模型,可用于大脑发育的研究和脑部疾病的预测。然而,这一技术的最新发展带来了新的伦理问题和潜在风险。通过概述由人脑类器官技术引发的意识风险方面、动物“人性化”和能力增强方面、人脑类器官的道德地位归属方面以及隐私保护与知情同意方面的伦理问题,提出道德预防性原则、进行伦理限制和伦理监督、设立特定伦理评估机构以及扩大公众参与和伦理讨论等对应举措,为人脑类器官的伦理治理提供一些思路和建议。
The human brain organoid technology provides a physiologically relevant model for the study of neural development and disease processes unique to the human nervous system,which can be used for the study of brain development and the prediction of brain diseases.However,recent developments in this technology have raised new ethical questions and potential risks.Some corresponding measures are put forward by summarizing the consciousness risk,the"humanization"'and the enhancement of the ability of animals,the attribution of the moral status of human brain organs,and the ethical issues of privacy protection and informed consent caused by human brain organoid technology.These measures include the principle of moral prevention,ethical restriction and ethical supervision,the establishment of specific ethical evaluation institutions,and the expansion of public participation and ethical discussion,to provide some ideas and suggestions for the ethical governance of human brain organs.
作者
李德新
朱祺
LI Dexin;ZHU Qi(Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan,Shanxi,030006)
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
北大核心
2024年第4期84-91,共8页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“爱思唯尔《科学哲学手册》翻译与研究”(项目编号:18ZDA030)
山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“当代量子理论的解释及其哲学问题研究”(项目编号:2022J002)。
关键词
人脑类器官
意识
动物“人性化”
道德地位
伦理治理
Human brain organoids
Consciousness
Animal"humanization"
Moral status
Ethical governance
