摘要
传统正电子发射断层成像(PET)系统采用模拟电路对信号进行处理,通过符合电路实现符合事件甄别,软件算法多集中于处理投影数据和图像数据,损失了生成图像前的大量信息,算法可扩展性相对较差。全数字PET系统利用精确采样和全数字处理带来硬件极简化和软件极大化的设计理念,将更多操作交由软件算法完成,具有过程数据完整、算法丰富且替换优化方便的特点。把探测器和算法当作“积木”,即插即成像(PnI)平台构建成像协议层、成像算法层和成像设备层,实现了成像过程定义、成像算法扩展和多种设备定义,从而支持动物、临床和各种应用专用型全数字PET系统的搭建。而且,全数字PET配合PnI平台可以将信息挖掘的入口从图像层面提前到闪烁脉冲数据层面,支持更多算法的灵活接入。基于以上背景,本文综述PnI即插即成像软件的研究进展,具体说明全数字PET系统结构、成像过程、软件架构以及应用案例,旨在提高科学家搭建数字PET科研仪器的灵活性,为开发快速高效搭建不同PET系统与软件算法提供参考。
Traditional positron emission tomography(PET)systems apply analog circuits for signal processing and achieve coincidence event detection through coincident circuitry.However,these systems suffer from a significant loss of information during projection and image data processing,leading to poor algorithm scalability.In contrast,All-Digital PET systems leverage precise sampling and comprehensive digital processing to simplify hardware design while maximizing software capabilities.These advanced systems rely on software algorithms to handle more operations,thereby providing complete process data,abundant algorithms,and convenient optimization for replacement.By treating detectors and algorithms as fundamental“building blocks,”the plug and imaging(PnI)platform constructs imaging protocols,algorithms,and equipment layers to define the imaging process,extend algorithmic capabilities,and support the construction of diverse animal or clinical PET system types.Moreover,integrating PnI into All-Digital PET systems allows for early information mining from scintillation pulse data levels rather than at the image level,facilitating flexible additional algorithm integration.Based on the aforementioned background,in this study,we critically investigated PnI software-related research advancements,precisely elucidating the comprehensive structure of All-Digital PET systems,architectural flowcharting of the imaging process,and exemplary application cases.Our primary objective was to enhance flexibility for scientists involved in constructing All-Digital PET research instruments while providing valuable references for the expeditious and efficient development of diverse PET systems alongside software algorithmic enhancements.
作者
李曦蒙
谢庆国
万琳
LI Ximeng;XIE Qingguo;WAN Lin(Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Wuhan 430074,China;Department of Biomedical Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Software Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)
出处
《CT理论与应用研究（中英文）》
2024年第4期433-447,共15页
Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications
基金
国家自然科学基金国家重大科研仪器研制项目(质子束在生物组织内的能量输运观测装置(61927801))。
