摘要
《民法典》第1179条第2句第2分句不仅仅是进一步明确法律效果的辅助规范**,也是进一步明确单纯侵害民事利益侵权责任的构成要件的辅助规范。《人身损害赔偿司法解释》对残疾赔偿金、丧葬费、死亡赔偿金、被扶养人生活费的计算进行了定额处理。定额赔偿的本质是不考虑被侵权人本人情况客观计算损害。残疾赔偿金、死亡赔偿金有广狭义之分。广义残疾赔偿金、死亡赔偿金代表了被侵权人的全部收入损失,包含被扶养人生活费,而不能与被扶养人生活费赔偿并存;狭义残疾赔偿金、死亡赔偿金只是被侵权人收入损失的一部分,与被扶养人生活费赔偿并存不会导致重复赔偿。扶养期限既取决于被扶养人需要他人扶养的期限,更取决于扶养人(被侵权人)能够扶养他人的期限。被扶养人生活费是被侵权人的部分收入损失,被侵权人的收入期限直接决定了扶养期限。被侵权人的收入期限应当与残疾赔偿金、死亡赔偿金的赔偿期限一致。
The second clause ofthe second sentence of Article 1179 of the PRC Civil Code serves not only as an auxiliary norm to further clarify the legal effects but also as an auxiliary norm to further specify the constitutive elements of the tort liability for the infringement of purely civil interests.The“Judicial Interpretation on Compensation for Personal Injury”provides fixed amount calculation for disability compensation,funeral expenses,death compensation,and the living expenses of a dependent.The essence of fixed-amount compensation is an objective calculation of damage without considering the infringed s situation.Disability compensation and death compensation can be broadly or narrowly defined.Broadly speaking disability compensation and death compensation represent the infringed s total income loss,including the living expenses of a dependent,and cannot coexist with compensation for the living expenses of a dependent.Narrowly speaking disability compensation and death compensation only cover a portion of the infringed s income loss,and its coexistence with compensation for the living expenses of a dependent does not lead to duplicate compensation.The duration of support depends not only on the period during which the dependent needs support but also on the period during which the supporter(the infringed)can provide support.The living expenses of a dependent constitute a partial income loss for the infringed,and the income duration of the infringed directly determines the duration of support.The income duration of the infringed should be consistent with the compensation period of disability compensation and death compensation.
出处
《南大法学》
2024年第3期142-166,共25页
NanJing University Law Journal
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“我国民法评注编纂重大问题研究”(22&ZD205)的阶段性成果。
关键词
主观计算
定额计算
残疾赔偿金
死亡赔偿金
被扶养人生活费
Subjective Calculation
Fixed Amount Calculation
Disability Compensation
Death Compensation
The Living Expenses of a Dependent
