摘要
春季播苗和秋季播苗是缢蛏养殖的两种播苗方式,因养殖过程的水温和饵料不同,春季和秋季播苗的缢蛏生长存在差异。为了更加直观地描述春、秋季播苗缢蛏的生长过程,选取von Bertalanffy、Gompertz、Logistic、Brody四种生长模型拟合春、秋季播苗缢蛏壳长、湿重生长,分别确定春、秋季播苗缢蛏最适生长模型。同时观察了其肥满度的周年变化。研究表明:春季播苗缢蛏壳长和湿重生长的最适拟合模型是Logistic模型;秋季播苗缢蛏壳长和湿重生长的最适拟合模型则分别是Logistic模型和von Bertalanffy模型。两季节的生长特征都是壳长生长拐点时间早于湿重生长拐点,春、秋季播苗缢蛏的壳长生长拐点分别是51.95 d(壳长24.32 mm)、76.25 d(壳长29.30 mm);湿重生长拐点分别是108.09 d(湿重2.75 g)、147.98 d(湿重5.64 g)。春、秋季播苗缢蛏周年肥满度变化均出现两个峰值。结合实测生长数据,秋季播苗缢蛏在翌年5月(247 d)个体规格可达到100 ind./kg以下;而春季播苗缢蛏需要养殖327 d才能达到100 ind./kg左右,秋季播苗比春季播苗可缩短养殖时间3个月左右,既减少成本也降低了养殖风险。研究结果为缢蛏秋季播苗提供了科学理论依据,可有效缩短养殖周期,提前收获上市。
Spring and fall are the two seasons for Sinonovacula constricta culture seeding,and the growth of S.constricta seeded in spring and fall differs due to variances in water temperature and baits used in the culture practice.To more intuitively describe the growth process of the razor clams sown in spring and fall,four growth models,namely,von Bertalanffy,Gompertz,Logistic,and Brody,were chosen to fit the shell length and wet weight growth,and to determine the optimal growth model of them.Meanwhile,annual fluctuations in fullness were detected.The Logistic model was shown the best fitting model for shell length and wet weight growth of S.constricta sown in spring,while the Logistic model and von Bertalanffy model were found the best fitting models for those in fall.The inflection point of shell length was earlier than that of wet weight development in both seasons.For S.constricta sown in spring and fall,the inflection points of shell length were 51.95 days(shell length 24.32 mm)and 76.25 days(shell length 29.30 mm),respectively,and the inflection points of wet weight development were 108.09 days(wet weight 2.75 g)and 147.98 days(wet weight 5.64 g).There were two peaks in the annual fullness changes of S.constricta sown in spring and fall.In May of the following year(247 d),the individual size of S.constricta sown in the fall might drop below 100 ind./kg when combined with the recorded growth data,whereas S.constricta sown in the spring required 327 days of culture to achieve 100 ind./kg.Therefore,the seeding culture in fall can save time by three months as compared to the spring case,which can lessen the risk of culturing as well as the cost.This study provided a scientific theoretical basis for the fall seeding of S.constricta,which can be used as a technical reference to shorten the culture cycle for early harvesting and marketing.
作者
方增冰
梅泊承
赵淳朴
徐继林
王丹丽
徐善良
FANG Zeng-Bing;MEI Bo-Cheng;ZHAO Chun-Pu;XU Ji-Lin;WANG Dan-Li;XU Shan-Liang(Ningbo Institute of Oceanography,Ningbo 315832,China;School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期736-745,共10页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
宁波市“科技创新2025”重大专项,2019B10006号
宁波市农业技术推广项目,2021NT004号。
