摘要
目的基于德尔菲法探讨中国人群健康长寿定义。方法通过文献查阅和专家讨论,确定健康长寿定义包含的维度,初步制定健康长寿定义的问题清单。于2022年8至12月邀请临床医学、公共卫生、基础研究、养老服务产业等领域从事老年健康相关工作至少5年的专家,并通过邮件发放咨询问卷,要求专家选择问题清单中的最佳选项。用问卷回收率表示专家积极程度,单选题、多选题分别以专家选择人数最多和专家选择比例≥70%的选项为达成共识。结果两轮咨询的专家积极系数分别为96.00%(24/25)和79.17%(19/24),最终达成了包括年龄、躯体健康、常见代谢指标、心理健康状态、认知功能、功能发挥能力、社会活动能力、自评健康状况和主观幸福感等9个问题的共识。经过团队和专家讨论,最终确定本研究达成的健康长寿定义共识为:健康长寿指90岁及以上的老年人,其生理、心理、认知、社会适应性和主观幸福感均良好且相互协调的状态。主要表现在无脑卒中、癌症和帕金森病等致残、致死率高的疾病,血压、血糖等常见慢性病代谢指标水平控制在合理区间,使用任何一种经验证的测量工具显示心理健康状态和认知功能良好,能与亲邻好友保持联系、关心/照顾家人和外出办事,具备能完成日常生活与交流的视听功能和独立完成行走、吃饭、洗澡、如厕、穿衣、控制大小便等基本日常活动的能力,自评健康状况良好,对生活感到比较幸福。结论基于两轮德尔菲咨询,确立了中国人群健康长寿的定义。
Objective To explore a definition of healthy longevity in the Chinese population based on the Delphi method.Methods Through a comprehensive literature review and expert consultation,the dimensions in the definition of healthy longevity were identified,and a preliminary list of questions was created.Experts in clinical medicine,public health,basic research,and the elderly care service industry,who had been working in the field of geriatric health for at least 5 years,were invited to participate in the Delphi survey from August to December 2022.The survey questionnaires were administered via email in two rounds,and experts were asked to select the optimal options from the provided questions.The active coefficients were expressed by the response rate,and a consensus was reached when the largest number of experts agreed for single-choice questions and more than 70%agreed for multiple-choice questions.Results In the two rounds,the active coefficients were 96.00%(24/25)and 79.17%(19/24),respectively,and a consensus was finally reached on nine items,including age,physical health,common metabolic indicators,mental health,cognitive function,functional ability,social activity,self-rated health,and subjective well-being.Following discussions among the research team and experts,a final definition of healthy longevity was determined.Healthy longevity could refer to a state of good physical,psychological,cognitive function and social adaptation,as well as subjective well-being,in individuals aged 90 and above.Specifically,individuals with healthy longevity should be free from diseases associated with high disability rates and mortality,such as stroke,cancer,and Parkinson′s disease.They should also maintain reasonable levels of common non-communicable disease indicators,such as blood pressure and blood glucose,and exhibit favorable mental health and cognitive function using validated measurement tools.In addition,individuals with healthy longevity should engage in social interactions with friends and relatives,care for family
作者
柴鑫
崔佳
叶丽红
周锦辉
邵瑞太
施小明
吕跃斌
张娟
Chai Xin;Cui Jia;Ye Lihong;Zhou Jinhui;Shao Ruitai;Shi Xiaoming;Lyu Yuebin;Zhang Juan(School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health,National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期629-635,共7页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
慢性病群医学基地建设项目(WH10022022010)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(82230111)
国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(82025030)
国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(82222063)。
