摘要
研究旨在测定西藏改良奶牛(荷斯坦奶牛♂×西藏牛♀)在低氧环境下的血液常规指标和凝血生理指标,通过定期检测生产性能测定指标(DHI)与泌乳量对西藏改良奶牛的改良效果进行评估。试验以高原低氧环境下(位于西藏山南市琼结县,海拔3 617 m)饲养的改良奶牛作为研究对象,选取从澳大利亚引进西藏的荷斯坦奶牛和西藏牛(西藏本地黄牛)作为对照,测定血液常规指标、凝血指标、DHI指标和头胎次泌乳产量。结果显示,经过长期的低氧环境适应后,西藏改良奶牛的血液生理指标和DHI指标等均发生了明显的变化,主要表现为血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)显著高于引进荷斯坦奶牛和西藏牛(P<0.05),血小板计数(PLT)显著低于西藏牛(P<0.05)。西藏改良奶牛凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)和凝血酶时间(TT)与西藏牛相比差异不显著(P>0.05),凝血功能较引进荷斯坦奶牛得到改善。与引进荷斯坦奶牛相比,西藏改良奶牛乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖等指标显著升高(P<0.05),体细胞数显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,西藏改良奶牛已具备了一定的低氧适应能力,比引进荷斯坦奶牛更能适应低氧环境,相较西藏牛和引进荷斯坦奶牛,西藏改良奶牛的生产性能得到优化和改善。
The study was to determine the blood physiological indexes and coagulation physiological indexes of Xizang improved dairy cows(Holstein×Xizang cattle)under hypoxia environment to reveal the blood physiological characteristics of hypoxia adaptation,and evaluate the improvement effect of Xizang improved dairy cows by regularly detecting their DHI indexes and tracking their milk yield.Improved cattle raised in a low-oxygen plateau environment(Qiongjie County,Shannan City,Xizang,3617 m above sea level)were used as the research objects,and Holstein dairy cows introduced from Australia to Xizang and Xizang cattle(a local yellow cattle in Xizang)were selected as the control.Blood routine index,coagulation index,DHI index,and first fetal lactation yield were measured.The results showed that after long-term adaptation to low oxygen environment,the blood physiological indexes and DHI indexes of Xizang improved dairy cows had significant changes,among which HGB,HCT,and MCV were significantly higher than those of Xizang improved dairy cows and Xizang cattles(P<0.05),and the PLT was significantly lower than that of Xizang improved dairy cows(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in PT,APTT,and TT between Xizang improved dairy cows and Xizang cattles(P>0.05),and the coagulation function was improved compared with that of Holstein cows.Compared with Xizang improved dairy cows,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage and lactose were significantly increased(P<0.05),while somatic cell count was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The study indicates that the Xizang improved dairy cows have a certain ability to adapt to low oxygen,and can adapt to low oxygen environment better than the imported dairy cows.Compared with the Xizang cattle and the imported Holstein dairy cows,the production performance of the Xizang improved dairy cows was optimized and improved.
作者
高乐程
巴桑珠扎
班旦
索朗曲吉
罗布多吉
白玛坚才
苟潇
旦增洛桑
GAO Le-cheng;BASANG Zhu-zha;BAN Dan;SUOLANG Qu-ji;LUOBU Duo-ji;BAIMA Jian-cai;GOU Xiao;DANZENG Luo-sang
出处
《饲料研究》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第8期92-96,共5页
Feed Research
基金
西藏自治区外国专家项目“基于DHI技术在我区奶牛养殖场中示范推广应用研究(项目编号:2021WZ003)”
中央引导地方项目“岗古村奶牛健康养殖技术示范与推广(项目编号:XZ202201YD0010C)”。
关键词
西藏改良奶牛
血液指标
生产性能
低氧适应
Xizang improved dairy cows
blood index
production performance
hypoxic adaptation
