摘要
本研究以统糠和紫花苜蓿为青贮原料,进行不同比例的统糠(0、15%、20%、25%、30%)与紫花苜蓿的混合青贮,于青贮0、3、5、7、15、30 d测定混合青贮发酵品质、营养品质和有氧稳定性。结果表明:与不添加统糠的对照相比,添加统糠的所有处理组乳酸、乙酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),pH值、丙酸含量、丁酸含量降低但差异不显著,氨态氮/总氮有所提高但差异不显著,添加统糠间接促进了同型乳酸菌发酵,提高了青贮的发酵品质;除添加30%处理组外,其他统糠添加处理组有氧稳定性显著提高(P<0.05)。添加统糠的所有处理组粗蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物含量显著降低(P<0.05),干物质、粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素、纤维素和半纤维素含量显著提高(P<0.05),混合青贮的营养品质降低。与青贮原料相比,青贮30 d后干物质、pH值、可溶性碳水化合物、半纤维素含量显著降低,粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、乳酸、乙酸含量显著上升(P<0.05),丁酸仅在青贮3 d时检出。采用一元线性回归分析青贮天数和统糠添加比例与各指标之间的关系,结果表明统糠添加量在15%~30%区间内,混合青贮的发酵指标和营养指标遵循回归预测模型,可针对不同动物营养需求进行科学配比。通过主成分分析提取指标,隶属函数综合评价表明,统糠与紫花苜蓿的配比为25∶75时混合青贮饲料品质最佳。
In this study,different proportions of chaff(0、15%、20%、25%、30%)were mixed with alfalfa for silage.The fermentation quality,nutritional quality and aerobic stability of mixed silage were measured at 0,3,5,7,15,and 30 days of ensiling.The results showed as follows:Compared with control group without chaff addition,the contents of lactic acid and acetic acid in all groups with chaff addition were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Additionally,the pH,the content of propionic acid and butyric acid were decreased but the differences were not significant.The ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen ratio was increased but the differences was not significant.The addition of chaff indirectly promoted the fermentation of isotype lactic acid bacteria and improved the fermentation quality of silage.Except for 30%treatment group,the aerobic stability of other chaff treatment group was significantly increased(P<0.05).In all treatment groups,the contents of crude protein and water soluble carbohydrate were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the content of dry matter,crude ash,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,acid detergent lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose and hemicellulose were significantly increased(P<0.05).The nutritional quality of mixed silage decreased.Compared with silage raw materials,the contents such as dry matter,pH value,water soluble carbohydrate and hemicellulose were significant decreased after 30 days of ensiling,while the contents of crude protein,crude ash,acid detergent fiber,lactic acid,and acetic acid were significantly increased(P<0.05).Butyric acid was detected only after three days of ensiling.Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between silage days and the proportion of mixed bran addition and each index.The results showed that the fermentation index and nutrient index of mixed silage followed the regression prediction model when the added amount of chaff was in the range of 15%to 30%,and the scientific ratio could be made according to the nutritional requirements of different
作者
魏岚
汪雅婷
穆麟
胥贵
魏仲珊
张志飞
WEI Lan;WANG Yating;MU Lin;XU Gui;WEI Zhongshan;ZHANG Zhifei(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Deren Husbandry Science and Technology Ltd.Changde 415921,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期71-81,共11页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30353)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22B0207)。
