摘要
目的分析江西省南丰县恙虫病的三间分布特征,为制定合理有效的恙虫病防制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2010-2022年江西省南丰县恙虫病发病资料进行统计分析,通过季节性趋势分解分析、Joinpoint回归分析、Cochran-Armitage趋势检验、Pearson χ^(2)或Fisher精确概率法检验等方法分析恙虫病的发病率、三间分布特征及变化趋势。结果2010-2022年,南丰县共报告恙虫病病例1548例,年均发病率42.54/10万。职业主要为农民,>30~70岁年龄组女性发病率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=49.797,P<0.001),但其中>30~40岁年龄组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.885,P=0.170),>40~70岁年龄组女性为高发人群。Joinpoint回归分析结果显示,恙虫病年均发病率总体呈上升趋势[平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)=18.25%]。季节性趋势分解分析结果显示,南丰县恙虫病发病存在明显的季节性,包括夏季型(6-8月)、秋冬季型(9-12月),呈双峰分布。不同乡镇年均发病率可分为3个阶段:2010-2013年的低流行水平,乡镇年均发病率保持在5.00/10万及以下;2014-2018年的流行期,乡镇年均发病率保持在10.00/10万以上;2019-2022年的波动期,乡镇年均发病率保持在10.00/10万及以下。结论江西省南丰县恙虫病发病率较高,应在流行季节加强重点人群的健康宣传教育工作,降低恙虫病发病水平。
Objective To analyze the disease distribution characteristics of scrub typhus in Nanfeng County,Jiangxi Province,China,so as to provide a scientific basis for developing rational and effective prevention and control measures to prevent and control scrub typhus.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the data about scrub typhus reported cases in Nanfeng County from 2010 to 2022.The incidence,distribution(by time,space,and population),and trend of scrub typhus were analyzed by using seasonal decomposition analysis,joinpoint regression analysis,the Cochran-Armitage test for trend,Pearson’s Chi-square test,and Fisher’s exact test.Results From 2010 to 2022,a total of 1548 cases of scrub typhus were reported in Nanfeng County,with an average annual incidence rate of 42.54/100000.The reported cases were predominantly farmers.In the age group of>30-70 years,the incidence rate was significantly higher in women than in men(χ^(2)=49.797,P<0.001);but there was no significant difference in the age group of>30-40 years(χ^(2)=1.885,P=0.170),while women aged>40-70 years had a high incidence rate.The joinpoint regression analysis indicated an overall upward trend in the annual average incidence rate of scrub typhus(average annual percent change=18.25%).The seasonal decomposition analysis revealed significant seasonality of scrub typhus,with double peaks in summer(June to August)and autumn and winter(September to December).The annual average incidence rates of townships could be divided into three stages:low-level epidemic stage between 2010 and 2013(≤5.00/100000),high-level epidemic stage between 2014 and 2018(>10.00/100000),and fluctuation stage between 2019 and 2022(≤10.00/100000).Conclusions The incidence of scrub typhus is relatively high in Nanfeng County.During epidemic seasons,health promotion and education should be strengthened for key populations to reduce the incidence of scrub typhus.
作者
刘月凤
李鹏
黄贵义
陈盛恩
杨树
LIU Yue-feng;LI Peng;HUANG Gui-yi;CHEN Sheng-en;YANG Shu(School of Public Health,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine,Jiangxi Medical College,Nanchang University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330006,China;Disinfection and Vector Control Department,The Collaboration Unit for State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases,Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330038,China;Nanfeng County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344599,China;Jiangxi Provincial Dermatology Specialized Hospital,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330001,China)
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
CAS
2024年第2期188-193,共6页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
基金
南昌市医疗技术支撑计划一般项目(2022-KJZC-018)
南昌市医疗卫生引导性科技计划项目(2023YLWS018)。
关键词
江西省
南丰县
恙虫病
流行病学特征
监测
Jiangxi Province
Nanfeng County
Scrub typhus
Epidemiological characteristics
Surveillance
