摘要
实现“双碳”目标,需要煤电发挥兜底保供、系统调节的“压舱石”作用,机组的发电效率日渐引起关注。过去中国采取“三公”调度模式,部分高耗能、高污染机组被低效利用,导致了行业内资源错配现象的发生。新一轮电力市场化改革后,电力系统的运行效率不断提升。以南方电网五省为例,运用以成本最小化为目标的优化模型模拟经济调度情景,并使用双向固定效应回归分析电力市场化改革对资源错配的影响,主要结论有:(1)省内经济调度可使供电成本和供电煤耗分别降低2.99%~6.41%和3.13%~6.85%。(2)南网五省内部采用经济调度可节约的发电成本由2011年的30.13亿元(4.09%)增至2018年的68.68亿元(8.42%)。(3)电力市场化改革减少了9.9%~10.3%的错配成本。研究结论为深化电力市场化改革相关政策提供了科学依据。
To achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality,coal-fired power need to play a"ballast stone"role in ensuring electricity supply and system regulation.The power generation efficiency of the units has become a core issue.For a long time in the past,China's coalfired power units followed the equal dispatch,and some high energy-consuming and high pollution units were inefficient utilized,leading to a certain degree of misallocation in the industry.With the development of electricity marketization reform,the coal-fired power industry is gradually increasing efficiency.Taking the five provinces of the Southern Power Grid as an example,we use an optimization model to simulate economic dispatch scenarios,and conduct an individual-time fixed effects regression to analyze the impact of electricity marketization reform on resource misallocation.The main conclusions of the article are as follow:(1)Implementing economic dispatch within the province can reduce power supply costs by 2.99%~6.41%,and power coal consumption by3.13%~6.85%.(2)If we consider the economic dispatch mode within the grid,the economic dispatch savings will increase from 3.013 billion yuan(4.09%)in 2011 to 6.868 billion yuan(8.42%)in 2018.(3)The electricity marketization reform has reduced the misallocation degree in the five provinces by 9.9%~10.3%.The conclusion provides a scientific basis for deepening the relevant policies of electricity marketization reform.
作者
金璐
刘一然
王铭铭
陈浩
Jin Lu;Liu Yiran;Wang Mingming;Chen Hao(School of Applied Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Sociology and Population,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《煤炭经济研究》
2024年第2期130-139,共10页
Coal Economic Research
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72274198)。
关键词
电力市场化改革
经济调度
错配
煤电
供电成本
供电煤耗
electricity marketization reform
economic dispatch
misallocation
coal power
power supply cost
coal consumption
