摘要
为探寻适用于拟穴青蟹大眼幼体发育时期投喂的饵料,在自然光照、水温(30±1)℃、盐度23条件下,将(1000±30)只大眼幼体放入盛水360 L的孵化桶中孵化,投喂卤虫无节幼体、冰冻桡足类、冰冻卤虫、配合饲料,及不投喂任何饵料,直至蜕壳变态为仔蟹,并分析不同饵料投喂对养殖水体的水质、大眼幼体蜕壳变态、仔蟹免疫相关酶及消化酶活性的影响等。结果显示:投喂卤虫无节幼体组的养殖水体中氨氮、亚硝态氮含量最低,成活率最高,幼体发育时间比其他3个投喂组缩短1~3 d,甲长、甲宽均显著大于配合饲料组的个体,但与冰冻桡足类组、冰冻卤虫组无显著差异;4个投喂组间仔蟹酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、α-淀粉酶活性无显著差异;卤虫无节幼体组溶菌酶活性、总抗氧化能力与冰冻桡足类、冰冻卤虫组无显著差异,但显著高于配合饲料组;卤虫无节幼体组胰蛋白酶活性和脂肪酶活性显著高于其他3个投喂组。试验结果表明,卤虫无节幼体对育苗水体水质及仔蟹的蜕壳成活率、生长、免疫相关酶活性、消化酶活性均存在积极作用,更适合作为拟穴青蟹大眼幼体阶段的饵料;冰冻桡足类、冰冻卤虫使用效果稍差,但均优于配合饲料组,可以用于替代部分卤虫无节幼体,以降低育苗成本,简化生产流程。试验结果可为拟穴青蟹苗种人工培育过程中饵料选择提供依据。
In order to find the suitable diets for megalopa of mud crab Scylla paramamosain during its metamorphosis period,(1000±30)megalopa larvae were reared in an incubation bucket containing 360 L water and fed Artemia nauplius,frozen copepods,frozen adult Artemia,formulated feed and no feeding until the metamorphosed into crabs to evaluate effects of feeding different diets on the water quality in aquaculture water,the molting metamorphosis of the larvae,the activity of immune-related enzymes and digestive enzymes.The results showed that there were the minimal ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content and the maximal survival rate in the cultured water in Artemia nauplius group.The megalopa larvae had 1—3 days shorter development period in the Artemia nauplii group than that in the other three groups,with significantly longer carapace length and carapace width than those in the formulated diets group,without significant difference between frozen copepods group and frozen Artemia groups.There were no significant differences in acid phosphatase activity,alkaline phosphatase activity,superoxide dismutase activity andα-amylase activity among the four groups.The lysozyme activity and total antioxidant capacity were shown to be not significantly different in the Artemia nauplius group from those in frozen copepods and frozen Artemia groups,significantly higher than those in the formulated diet group.There were significantly higher trypsin and lipase activities in Artemia group than those in the other three groups,indicating that the Artemia nauplii were more suitable as a diet for the megalopa of mud crab,which positively affected the water quality,the molting survival rate,immunoenzyme activity and digestive activity of the juvenile crab.The effects of frozen copepods and frozen Artemia were both better than formulated diets,though they had slightly worse effect.It was found that frozen copepods and frozen Artemia were used as partial substitutes for Artemia nauplii during the larval rearing of the mud crab megalopa
作者
乔光德
马春艳
张凤英
王伟
赵明
谌微
傅愔
刘志强
马凌波
QIAO Guangde;MA Chunyan;ZHANG Fengying;WANG Wei;ZHAO Ming;CHEN Wei;FU Yin;LIU Zhiqiang;MA Lingbo(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Genetic Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory,East China Sea Fishery Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期429-436,共8页
Fisheries Science
基金
宁波市重点科技项目(2019B10010)
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2021Z03,2020TD28).
