摘要
个体的生育意愿不仅受到各种宏微观客观因素的影响,同样也受到个体对他人生育态度/行为主观感知的影响。研究1(N=904)显示,个体通常低估了他人的生育态度和行为,而这一低估反过来抑制了自身的生育意愿。研究2a(N=210)和2b(N=210)通过操纵被试的主观感知验证了对他人生育态度/行为的低估与自身生育意愿之间的因果关系。研究3(N=220)的结果显示,生育效能和责任感知可较好地解释上述发现,其中生育效能的作用更大。研究4的元分析(N=1544)表明,个体对他人生育态度/行为的低估以及这种低估对自身生育意愿的影响均具有小到中等的效应量。上述结果表明,运用社会规范方法来纠正人们的错误认知从而提升生育意愿可为现有政策提供额外助力。
The existing literature on fertility has predominantly focused on analyzing objective factors at macro and micro levels,such as gender,age,income,family relationships,economic situation,and social structure,that impact an individual’s fertility intentions.However,an often overlooked yet equally significant factor lies in an individual’s perception of the social climate surrounding fertility.This factor encompasses attitudes and behaviors related to fertility displayed by similar others.This article presents five studies from a social cognitive perspective aimed at addressing the following questions:(1)How do individuals perceive the fertility attitudes and behaviors of others?(2)To what extent and in what manner does this perception influence an individual’s own fertility intentions?(3)How can we explain this relationship?This paper presents a comprehensive investigation comprising five studies that focus on individuals born between 1995 and 2005.In Studies 2a,2b,and 3,we specifically targeted childless individuals.The key variables under examination included perceptions of fertility attitudes,operationalized as individuals’judgments of the desired family size;perceptions of fertility behaviors,proxied by individuals’judgments of the magnitude of change in China’s total fertility rate from 2021 to 2022;and fertility intentions,measured using a scale developed by the researchers.Study 1 involved a cross-sectional survey with 904 participants,of which 735 had never given birth.The primary aim of Study 1 was to gain initial insights into how individuals perceive the attitudes/behaviors of others and how these perceptions relate to their own fertility intentions.Studies 2a and 2b utilized experimental designs to establish a causal relationship between the perception of others’fertility attitudes/behaviors and one’s own fertility intentions.In contrast,Study 3,a three-round longitudinal survey,sought to investigate whether fertility efficacy and perceived responsibility could explain the observed relat
作者
陈思静
沈家辉
姜侨桀
杨莎莎
CHEN Sijing;SHEN Jiahui;JIANG Qiaojie;YANG Shasha(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China;School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期759-776,I0006-I0008,共21页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(23YJA840002)资助。
关键词
生育意愿
社交影响
主体间认知
生育效能
责任感知
fertility intentions
social influence
intersubjective cognition
fertility efficacy
perceived responsibility
