摘要
提高地震数据的分辨率对于薄储层的识别与表征具有重要意义。常规的反褶积、反Q滤波等提高地震分辨率处理方法,存在假设条件多、信噪比较低、算法不稳定等不足,使得方法的应用效果和适用性受限。提出了一种新的基于匹配追踪算法的地震数据提高分辨率方法,可以在保持较高信噪比的同时提高地震数据分辨率。首先,根据地震信号特点,利用频率加权指数函数计算基准子波,并由此构建子波字典,频率加权指数函数可以很好地拟合不同形状的频谱,更好地适应不同的工区。然后,利用匹配追踪算法将原始地震数据分解为一系列子波的线性叠加,增加较高信噪比的高频匹配子波的振幅。最后对地震数据进行重构,获得高分辨率的地震数据。应用结果表明,该方法可有效提高地震分辨率,具有较高的信噪比,并且提高分辨率处理的结果与测井合成地震记录有很好的吻合性,证明方法是可靠的,且处理结果有利于后续薄储层识别与描述。
It is important to improve seismic resolution for thin reservoir characterization.Conventional methods,e.g.deconvolution and inverse Q filtering,are not effective enough owing to the problems of rigorous assumptions,low signal-to-noise ratio,and low robustness.A new method based on matching pursuit algorithm was proposed,which can improve the seismic resolution while maintaining high signal-to-noise ratio.Firstly,according to the characteristics of seismic signals,a wavelet dictionary was constructed using a frequency-weighted-exponential(FWE)function,which performed well in fitting spectra of different shapes.Then,seismic data were decomposed as the linear superposition of the wavelets in the wavelet dictionary using the matching pursuit algorithm,followed by amplitude enhancement for those matched wavelets with high frequencies and high signal-to-noise ratios.Finally,the matched wavelets were summed up to obtain high-resolution seismic data.The application test showed that processed data with high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio agreed with synthetic seismogram calculated using log data.Reliable results will facilitate subsequent thin reservoir characterization.
作者
李京南
LI Jingnan(SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211103,China)
出处
《石油物探》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期571-577,共7页
Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum
基金
国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目(U19B6003)
中国石化科技部项目(P22138)共同资助。
关键词
匹配追踪
高分辨率
地震数据分解
子波字典
薄层识别
matching pursuit
high resolution
seismic data decomposition
wavelet dictionary
thin bed
