摘要
为明确密度氮素对夏播棉氮素吸收利用的影响,2019—2020年于扬州大学遗传生理重点实验室以特早熟品种中棉所425为材料,2019年采用裂区设计,以密度为主处理,设60,000株hm^(–2)、90,000株hm^(–2)、120,000株hm^(–2)3个水平,以施氮量为副区,设施纯氮0 kg hm^(–2)、90 kg hm^(–2)、150 kg hm^(–2)、210 kg hm^(–2)4个水平;2020年采用单因素随机区组设计,设置生产对照CK(90,000株hm^(–2);180 kg hm^(–2)氮素),在120,000株hm^(–2)密度下,设施纯氮0 kg hm^(–2)、90 kg hm^(–2)、150 kg hm^(–2)、210 kg hm^(–2)4个水平,研究密度与氮素处理对此种植方式下产量及其构成以及氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,在120,000株hm^(–2)密度下配合施氮150 kg hm^(–2)夏播棉籽棉产量显著提高,达4147.8~5119.2 kg hm^(–2);生殖器官干物重达2605.6~2863.6 kg hm^(–2)且占比达50%以上;生殖器官氮素积累量显著增加,达45.97~60.70 kg hm^(–2);氮素利用率显著提高,氮肥回收利用率达42.58%~44.17%,氮肥农学利用率达7.16~21.34 kg(kg N)–1,氮素生理利用率达19.16~24.03 kg(kg N)–1,氮肥偏生产力达21.12~34.13 kg(kg N)–1,回归分析进一步表明氮肥回收利用率、氮肥农学利用率、氮素生理利用率与产量呈显著以上水平线性正相关;喷施脱叶催熟剂前吐絮率达43.59%~60.76%,喷施脱叶催熟剂后可达到正常吐絮的要求。因此,高密中氮配合有利于夏播棉氮素的吸收利用,可为棉花高产高效和减氮提供技术支撑。
In order to clarify the effects of planting density with nitrogen rate on regulation of nitrogen utilization in summer di-rect seeded cotton,the CCRI 425 were used as the experimental materials in the Key Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology of Yangzhou University in 2019 and 2020.Density were used as the main treatments in 2019 and three levels of density of 60,000 plants hm^(–2),90,000 plants hm^(–2),and 120,000 plants hm^(–2)were set.Nitrogen application rate as the secondary treatments and four levels of convention nitrogen application rate(0 kg hm^(–2),90 kg hm^(–2),150 kg hm^(–2),and 210 kg hm^(–2))were conducted.Production application(90,000 plants hm^(–2),180 kg hm^(–2)nitrogen application rate)was used as the CK.Under the density of 120,000 plants hm^(–2),there were four levels of convention nitrogen application rate(0 kg hm^(–2),90 kg hm^(–2),150 kg hm^(–2),and 210 kg hm^(–2)).The results showed that cotton seed yield was increased,reaching 4147.8–5119.2 kg hm^(–2),at the density of 12´104 plants hm^(–2)with nitrogen application of 150 kg hm^(–2).The dry matter of reproductive organs was 2605.6–2863.6 kg hm^(–2)and accounted for over 50%of the total dry matter weight.Nitrogen accumulation in reproductive organs was significantly increased,reaching 45.97-60.70 kg hm-2.Nitrogen use efficiency was significantly increased,nitrogen recovery efficiency(NRE)was 42.58%-44.17%,agronomic nitrogen use efficiency(aNUE)was 7.16-21.34 kg(kg N)-1,physiological nitrogen use efficiency(pNUE)was 19.16-24.03 kg(kg N)-1,partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer(NPP)was 21.12-34.13 kg(kg N)-1.Regression analysis further showed that nitrogen recovery efficiency,nitrogen agronomic efficiency,nitrogen physiological efficiency,and physiological efficiency were linearly positively correlated with yield.The percentage of open bolls reached 43.59%-60.76%before spraying defoliation and ripening agent and the normal flocculation rate could be achieved after spraying defoliation and ripenin
作者
徐泽
吴莘玲
刘震宇
李涵佳
冷鑫华
吴天凡
陈媛
张祥
陈德华
XU Ze;WU Xin-Ling;LIU Zhen-Yu;LI Han-Jia;LENG Xin-Hua;WU Tian-Fan;CHEN Yuan;ZHANG Xiang;CHEN De-Hua(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期1584-1596,共13页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0100400,2017YFD0201300)资助。
关键词
夏播棉
密度
氮素
氮素利用率
summer direct seeded cotton
planting density
nitrogen
nitrogen utilization rate
