摘要
在新就业形势下,大学生求职择业观面临重新定向,深层次剖析隐藏在大学生背后的就业价值取向特点及其变化规律对于解决大学生就业问题、促进高质量充分就业具有重要作用。基于“国家大学生学情调查研究”(NCSS)数据库,分析我国大学生就业价值取向的结构演变,发现:正常时期大学生把经济收入和个人兴趣作为择业并重的首要因素;极端应激情况下工作轻松和社会贡献共同成为学生择业的重要因素;总体来看,直接就业依然是大学生最普遍的毕业去向选择,但慢就业趋势逐渐增强。借用大学生社会化模型,大学生就业取向的形成一般是平衡个人背景、院系制度、校外环境等多重规范性压力的结果;基于就业意向的强弱和自主性高低,当代大学生就业取向分化为开创型和保守型、顺应型和从众型四类,呈现多元趋势。对此,高校优化大学生就业价值取向引导机制,需要发挥重要他人作用建立全员联动机制,坚持全过程分阶段引导,并落实就业价值取向的分人分类精准引导的“三全”路径。
The employment value orientation of college students is an important factor in determining whether college graduates can be fully employed with high quality.Based on the data of"National College Student Survey"(NCSS),the structural evolution of the employment value orientation of college students in China is analyzed.It is found that in normal times,college students regard economic income and personal interest as the primary factors in choosing a career,while in extreme stress,college students regard job ease and social contribution as the primary factors in choosing a career.Direct employment is still the most common choice for college students after graduation,but the trend of slow employment is gradually increasing.Using the model of college students socialization,the formation mechanism of college students'employment value orientation is examined from the three dimensions of input-process-output.In order to optimize the guidance of college students'employment value orientation,it is proposed to establish a four-level linkage mechanism of employment value orientation guidance,adhere to the phased guidance of the whole process of employment value orientation,and implement the full-staff,whole-process and all-round education path of precise guidance of employment value orientation in terms of individual classification.
作者
李玲玲
梁晶晶
许洋
LI Lingling;LIANG Jingjing;XU Yang(Institute of Higher Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;Institute of Education,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005)
出处
《教育发展研究》
北大核心
2024年第7期17-25,共9页
Research in Educational Development
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“高校协同创新的协同效应及其优化路径研究”(71904147)的部分成果。
关键词
大学生
就业价值取向
就业质量
NCSS
college students
employment value orientation
employment quality
NCSS
