摘要
为探讨减施化肥配施EM菌剂对厚皮甜瓜生长和果实性状的影响,以常规施肥(每667 m^(2)施用复合肥50 kg、有机肥500 kg、硫酸钾20 kg、钙镁磷肥20 kg)为对照,设置EM菌剂替代化肥方案(每667 m^(2)施用EM菌剂20 L,复合肥30 kg,有机肥500 kg,硫酸钾20 kg,钙镁磷肥20 kg),比较分析减施化肥配施EM菌剂对不同厚皮甜瓜品种生长发育、果实性状及品质的影响。结果表明:施用EM菌后桂蜜12号最大株高、茎粗、叶片SPAD值分别为215.00 cm、9.93 mm、39.17,均显著高于对照;果实性状除腔长(11.38 cm)、腔宽(6.74 cm)比对照显著减少外,单瓜质量、产量、果肉硬度、果长、果宽、果肉厚、果脐肉厚和可溶性固形物含量均显著高于对照。施用EM菌后北甜1号株高、茎粗均大于对照,但不同时期差异性不同;最大株高、茎粗、叶片SPAD值和叶面积分别为193.67 cm、10.44 mm、37.62、990.38 cm^(2),与对照均无显著差异,果肉硬度、果长、果宽、中心可溶性固形物均比对照显著增加,而腔长、腔宽均比对照显著减少。综上,EM菌剂部分替代化肥方案能促进厚皮甜瓜植株生长、产量提高与品质改善,但对不同甜瓜品种的影响效果有所不同,对桂蜜12号甜瓜的促进作用更明显。
To explore the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application combining with effective microorganisms(EM)on the growth and fruit traits of thick-skinned melon,conventional fertilization(50 kg of compound fertilizer,500 kg of organic fertilizer,20 kg of potassium sulfate,20 kg of calcium,magnesium and phosphate fertilizers per 667 m^(2))was used as a control,and an scheme of EM replacing chemical fertilizer(20 L of EM,30 kg of compound fertilizer,500 kg of organic fertilizer,20 kg of potassium sulfate and 20 kg of calcium,magnesium and phosphate fertilizers per 667 m^(2))was set up,and the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application combining with EM on the growth,development,fruit traits and quality of different thick-skinned melon varieties were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the maximum plant height,stem diameter and leaf SPAD values of'Guimi No.12'applied with EM were 215.00 cm,9.93 mm and 39.17,respectively,which were all significantly higher than those of the control.Except for a significant decrease in cavity length(11.38 cm)and cavity width(6.74 cm),other traits such as single fruit weight,yield,flesh hardness,fruit length,fruit width,flesh thickness,navel flesh thickness and soluble solid content were significantly higher than those of the control.The plant height and stem diameter of'Beitian No.1'applied with EM were higher than those of the control,but the differences were variable at different stages.The maximum plant height,stem diameter,leaf SPAD value and leaf area were 193.67 cm,10.44 mm,37.62 and 990.38 cm^(2),respectively,but there were no significant differences compared with the control.The application of EM significantly increased the flesh hardness,fruit length,fruit width and central soluble solid content of'Beitian No.1'compared with the control,while the cavity length and cavity width were significantly reduced compared with the control.In conclusion,the partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with EM could promote the growth,yield and quality of thick-skinn
作者
陈宝玲
刘文君
周建辉
张曼
黄凤婵
黄孙答
CHEN Baoing;LIU Wenjun;ZHOU Jianhui;ZHANG Man;HUANG Fengchan;HUANG Sunda(Institute of Vegetable,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)
出处
《蔬菜》
2024年第5期58-62,共5页
Vegetables
基金
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2020YM67)
广西农业科学院南瓜甜瓜研究团队(桂农科2021YT107)
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队西甜瓜南宁综合试验站(nycytxgxcxtd-17-07)
广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD20297093)。
关键词
EM菌剂
厚皮甜瓜
生长
果实性状
effective microorganism
thick-skinned melon
growth
fruit trait
