摘要
现代化是人类的共同事业,但现代化并非一个自然的社会演变过程,而是拥有复杂层次结构和因素变量的长历史演化过程。后发国家被西方“冲击”后的被动现代化“反应”,需遵循发展的政治经济学逻辑,即国家建构、政党领导和政府质量是促成自主现代化的基础要素。从国家建构看,后发国家自主现代化的前置问题是国权问题,国家认同持续注入则是国家建构的根本;从政党领导看,后发国家需要政党的自主现代化共识凝结和政治动员,且后发国家政党应以自身制度化带动国家政治制度化;从政府质量看,渐进经济改革的政策创制是政府质量高低的关键指标,公正、回应和廉洁则是政府质量的价值依归。中国式现代化的国家建构、政党领导和政府质量的目标分别指向国家人民属性和建设人民国家、以人民为中心的现代化新形态以及效能与公信力兼具的法治政府,它们是中国式现代化高度自主性的根本保障。后发国家现代化如果仅聚焦技术层面的工业化或硬性照搬照抄西方制度模式,未基于基本国情以渐进模式促成经济、政治和社会的相适改革演进,则必然遭遇挫折,沦为西方现代化的“附庸”。
Modernization is a common cause of humanity,but it is not a natural process of social evolution.Rather,it is a long historical evolutionary process with complex hierarchical structures and variables.The"reactive"passive modernization of late developing countries after being"impacted"by the West needs to follow the political economic logic of development,where state construction,party leadership,and government quality are the fundamental elements for achieving autonomous modernization.From the perspective of state construction,the prerequisite issue for late developing countries'autonomous modernization is the issue of state sovereignty,and the continuous input of national identity is the foundation of state construction.In terms of party leadership,late developing countries need the consensus on autonomous modernization consolidated by the party as well as political mobilization,and their parties should drive the institutionalization of the state's political system through their own institutionalization.Regarding government quality,the policy making for gradual economic reform is a key indicator of government quality,while fairness,responsiveness,and integrity are the benchmark of government quality.The state construction,party leadership,and government quality in the Chinese path to modernization are aimed at the people’s ownership of the state and building a nation for the people,a peoplecentered new form of modernization,and an efficient and credible law-based government respectively.They are the fundamental guarantees for the high degree of autonomy in Chinese-style modernization.If late developing countries only focus on industrialization technologically or rigidly copy Western institutional models without gradually promoting economic,political and social reforms suited to their national conditions,they will inevitably encounter setbacks and become mere"appendages"of Western modernization.
出处
《江苏社会科学》
北大核心
2024年第3期55-64,I0003,共11页
Jiangsu Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时代县域政府治理效能评估及提升路径研究”(20AZZ011)的阶段性成果。
关键词
后发国家
自主现代化
国家建构
政党领导
政府质量
late developing countries
autonomous modernization
state construction
party leadership
government quality
