摘要
洪水的暴发,常常会导致耕地淹没、居民地摧毁、人员伤亡等损失,严重威胁社会经济的稳步发展。准确且快速获取洪水水体面积、水深、水量等信息,能够帮助决策者及时掌握洪水发展情况,科学制定防洪调度方案,有效降低洪水造成的损失。卫星遥感、无人机航测等非接触式监测技术具有远距离、大范围、长时序监测的优势,在各类灾害应急中具有重要的应用价值。本文通过对各卫星平台的关键性技术指标进行分析研究,结合洪涝灾害特点,建立天空地协同的洪水遥感监测指标体系,同时利用多源遥感卫星数据,以“21·7”河南省郑州市特大洪水为研究对象,对洪水淹没面积、洪水水深和水量进行精准、快速计算与提取,建立健全的洪涝灾害应急体系。
The outbreak of flood disasters often leads to the inundation of farmland,destruction of residential areas,and loss of lives,posing a severe threat to the steady development of the economy and society.Accurately and quickly obtaining information such as the area,depth,and volume of floodwaters can help decision-makers promptly grasp the development of floods,scientifically formulate flood control plans,and effectively reduce losses caused by floods.Non-contact monitoring technologies like satellite remote sensing and drone aerial surveying have advantages in long-distance,large-scale,and long-term monitoring,holding significant value in various disaster emergency applications.This paper analyzes and studies the key technical indicators of various satellite platforms,combines the characteristics of flood disasters,and establishes a coordinated sky-earth remote sensing monitoring index system for floods.Using multi-source remote sensing satellite data and focusing on the“July 21”severe flood in Zhengzhou City,Henan Province,as a case study,the paper conducts precise and rapid calculations and extraction of the flooded area,water depth,and volume.This research contributes to establishing a comprehensive emergency system for flood and water-logging disasters.
作者
赵琳
董端
刘金玉
ZHAO Lin;DONG Duan;LIU Jinyu(China Water Resources Beifang Investigation,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China)
出处
《水利建设与管理》
2024年第4期57-63,共7页
Water Conservancy Construction and Management
关键词
多源遥感
洪水监测
应急体系
multi-source remote sensing
flood monitoring
emergency system
