摘要
为保障突发应急事件下乘客的出行效率与安全,研究一类全新的面向突发应急事件的定制公交线网优化问题,旨在降低乘客出行时间、提高救援效率。首先引入风险系数概念,以描述不同乘客受突发应急事件的影响程度。其次,以所有乘客的出行时间最小化为目标,考虑需求点优先级、车辆容量、车辆到达时间等约束,构建一个混合整数非线性规划模型。同时针对模型特点,设计基于应急服务特点的破坏算子,改进自适应大邻域搜索算法,通过大量仿真算例验证模型与算法的可行性。实验结果表明:求解大规模算例时,改进算法相较于文献中的遗传算法,获取最优解的能力更强,平均节约出行时间1.38%。最后,将常规情境与突发应急事件下的优化方案进行对比,在相同出行需求下,应急定制公交线网优化的总运行时长比常规情况增加9.624 min;高风险需求点接受服务的时间相较于常规情况降低4.5%。与常规情况相比,该模型得到的线网优化方案更能实现乘客安全高效的转移,可为城市应急救援方案提供参考。
To ensure passengers’travel efficiency and safety under sudden emergencies,this paper studies a new customized bus network optimization problem for sudden emergencies.The aim is to reduce passenger travel time and improve rescue efficiency.First,the concept of risk coefficient is introduced to describe the impact of sudden emergencies on different passengers.Secondly,a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is constructed with the minimum travel time of all passengers as the objective,considering the constraints of demand point priority,vehicle capacity,and vehicle arrival time.At the same time,according to the characteristics of the model,a destruction operator based on the characteristics of emergency services is designed and the adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm is improved.The feasibility of the model and algorithm is verified through a large number of simulation examples.The experimental results show that the improved algorithm is better than the genetic algorithm in the literature in obtaining the optimal solution,and the average travel time is saved by 1.38%.Finally,compared with the optimal scheme of emergency,the total running time of the optimized bus network is increased by 9.624 minutes under the same travel demand.The time spent in service at high-risk demand points was 4.5%lower than usual.Compared with the normal situation,the optimized scheme of the model can realize the safe and efficient transfer of passengers,and can provide a reference for the emergency rescue plan of the city.
作者
付文涵
吴鹏
FU Wenhan;WU Peng(School of Transportation,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China;School of Economics and Management,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《交通科技与经济》
2024年第3期1-9,共9页
Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(22GBL272)。
关键词
定制公交
应急交通
突发应急事件
线网优化
大邻域搜索算法
customized bus
emergency traffic
emergency event
network optimization
adaptive large neighborhood search
