摘要
【目的】探明不同基因型棉花品种产量及碳同化物代谢响应低磷胁迫的差异机理,为生产上提高低磷胁迫下的棉花产量品质的生理调控途径提供理论依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以低磷耐受基因型(BX014和LuYuan343)和低磷敏感基因型(FJA和DLNTDH)为试验材料,设置低磷(P1,15 mg/kg)、中磷(P2,50 mg/kg)、正常磷(P3,150 mg/kg)和高磷(P4,300 mg/kg)4个处理,研究不同施磷水平对棉花的干物重、磷素吸收利用、产量性状及棉铃对位叶碳水化合物代谢的影响,及其碳同化物代谢酶活性与产量之间的相关性。【结果】①低磷胁迫条件下,棉花不同器官干物重积累、磷素积累量、株高、果枝数、果节数、铃数、铃重、籽棉产量、皮棉产量及衣分显著降低,而磷素利用效率及棉铃脱落率显著上升;且在不同磷处理和品种之间存在显著的互作效应。②棉铃对位叶中碳水化合物的含量是响应低磷胁迫的关键物质;低磷处理下,随着磷含量的增加,棉花棉铃对位叶蔗糖和可溶性糖含量总体呈下降趋势,且蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SuSy)活性呈先增加后降低趋势。③在P1、P2和P4处理下,低磷耐受基因型棉花干物重、磷积累量和磷利用效率及产量指标都显著高于低磷敏感基因型,对低磷胁迫的响应程度并不一致,表现出较强的耐低磷特性;且SPS和SuSy活性都显著高于低磷敏感基因型,酶活性的差异可能是低磷耐受基因型耐低磷的原因之一。④性状相关性分析表明,皮棉产量分别与铃重(相关系数为0.95)、SPS(相关系数为0.96)和SuSy活性(相关系数为0.99)呈极显著正相关。【结论】低磷胁迫下低磷耐受基因型棉铃对位叶中较高的SPS和SuSy活性,保持蔗糖合成能力,进而促进糖的再分配,从而保证低磷条件下干物质的生产和累积,进而提高皮棉产量。
【Objective】The present paper aimed to investigate the mechanism of yield and carbon assimilates metabolism in cotton varieties of different genotypes in response to low phosphorus stress,and to provide a theoretical basis for the physiological regulation of cotton yield and quality under low phosphorus stress in production.【Method】In the study,a pot experiment was conducted with low phosphorus tolerant genotypes(BX014 and LuYuan343)and low phosphorus sensitive genotypes(FJA and DLNTDH),and low phosphorus(P1,15 mg/kg),medium phosphorus(P2,50 mg/kg),normal phosphorus(P3,150 mg/kg),and high phosphorus(P4,300 mg/kg)were used as the experimental materials.Four treatments were used to study the effects of different phosphorus application levels on dry weight,phosphorus uptake and utilization,yield traits,and carbohydrate metabolism of cotton bolls and their correlation between carbon assimilates metabolizing enzyme activities and yield.【Result】(i)Under low phosphorus stress,the dry weight accumulation of different organs,phosphorus accumulation,plant height,number of fruiting branches,number of fruiting nodes,number of bolls,weight of bolls,seed cotton yield,lint yield and clothing fraction of cotton would be significantly reduced,while the phosphorus utilization efficiency and boll abscission rate would be significantly increased,and there was a significant reciprocal effect between different phosphorus treatments and varieties.(ii)Carbohydrate content in boll-opposed leaves was the key substance in response to low phosphorus stress;Under low phosphorus treatment,with the increase of phosphorus content,cotton boll-opposed leaves sucrose and soluble sugar content generally showed a decreasing trend,and the activities of phospho-sucrose synthetase(SPS)and sucrose synthetase(SuSy)showed a tendency to increase firstly and then decrease.(iii)Under P1,P2 and P4 treatments,the cotton dry weight,phosphorus accumulation,phosphorus utilization efficiency and yield indexes of the low phosphorus tolerant genotypes wer
作者
西尔艾力·吾麦尔江
米热扎提江·喀由木
董强
王香茹
贵会平
罗彤
王倩倩
李晓曈
阮思嘉
顾云琪
吴全忠
张西岭
陈国栋
宋美珍
WUMAIERJIANG-Xieraili;KAYOUMU-Mirezhatijiang;DONG Qiang;WANG Xiang-ru;GUI Hui-ping;LUO Tong;WANG Qian-qian;LI Xiao-tong;RUAN Si-jia;GU Yun-qi;WU Quan-zhong;ZHANG Xi-ling;CHEN Guo-dong;SONG Mei-zhen(College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji,Xinjiang 831100,China;Institute of Cotton,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization,Anyang,Henan 455000,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期577-588,共12页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室自主课题(CB2023C07)
新疆生产建设兵团第七师科技项目(2023C08)
新疆生产建设兵团第六师科技项目(2202)。
关键词
棉花
低磷胁迫
产量
碳代谢
Gossypium hirsutum L
Low phosphorus stress
Yield
Carbon metabolism
