摘要
当前,我国正面临着严峻的人口老龄化挑战,建设全龄社区和老年友好城市已成为迫切目标。本研究以日本三个老龄化城市的空间规划为案例,分析社区养老服务设施的规划布局和地域综合照护体系的构建。研究表明,日本社区养老服务设施规划以现有空间资源为规划对象,以建设友好社区环境为重要抓手,以公共场所和居住领域为空间治理单元,从医疗、照护、预防、居住和生活支援五个方面共同进行社区空间适老化改造。既考虑了规划的整体性和全面性,又兼顾了多元治理的互动性。对我国社区嵌入式养老服务设施空间规划的启示在于:要加强政策支持与协同治理,包括根据区域发展情况、社区面积、老年人占比等因素制定具体细致的政策,并引入社会力量,构建多元治理体系;同时建立社区养老服务评估体系,以共生发展为目标,合理配置空间资源;还应建立资源保障体系和运营维护团队,做到资源调度有序。
China is currently facing the severe challenge of population aging,and the construction of all-age communities and age-friendly cities has become an urgent goal.This paper takes the spatial planning of three aging cities in Japan as an example,analyzing the planning and layout of community service facilities for the elderly and the construction of a regional comprehensive care system.The study shows that the planning of community facilities for the elderly in Japan takes the existing spatial resources as the planning object,with the construction of a friendly community environment as the critical starting point.Public places and residential areas are used as the spatial management units,and the aging transformation of community space is carried out jointly across five aspects:medical treatment,care,prevention,residence,and life support.This approach does not only consider the integrity and comprehensiveness of the planning,but also takes into account the interaction of multi-stakeholder governance.Introducing the concept of pluralistic governance,community governance is a fundamental component of social governance.The purpose of pluralistic governance is to provide higher-quality and more accessible public services,not the marginalization of the government.In the planning of community spaces within elderly care facilities,it should emphasize the cooperation between key stakeholders,adhere to the principle of consultation and discussion,widely solicit the opinions of the public,listen to the demands of the community,and base our efforts on the needs of the elderly.Among them,the government should play a guiding and coordinating role in governance,social organizations should provide services and support,and residents should participate in decision-making and management,forming a“trinity”of government,social organizations,and residents.Through this multi-stakeholder cooperation,it can reduce friction between parties,ensure the effectiveness of service delivery,achieve effective alignment between supply and deman
作者
罗鹏
于霜
雷凤琴
杨一帆
LUO Peng;YU Shuang;LEI Fengqin;YANG Yifan
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期8-14,共7页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学重大项目(VKA220009)
国家社科基金一般项目(18BZZ044)。
关键词
嵌入式
地域综合照护体系
空间规划
老龄化城市
多元治理
embedding
regional comprehensive care system
space planning
aging cities
multi-stakeholder governance
