摘要
以煤炭为中心的工业活动过程中会向环境中排放大量多环芳烃(PAHs),污染土壤、水体和农作物,对人体健康造成潜在威胁。该文以山西省长治市某典型煤炭工业园区为研究区,分别在园区中心及其上下风向2、5、8km处采集饮用水、室内外灰尘和谷物样品,采用色谱-质谱仪(GS-MS)测定样品中PAHs的浓度,分析PAHs的多介质污染特征并进行健康风险评价。结果表明:研究区7个样点饮用水中∑PAHs的检出范围为233.57~337.05ng/L,符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2022)中多环芳烃(总量)在2×10^(3)ng/L的限值,随着距园区中心距离的增加,上风向和下风向饮用水中∑PAHs都呈现先上升后下降的趋势;小米和面粉中∑PAHs的检出范围分别为113.70~2318.57 ng/g和108.42~512.30 ng/g,且随着距离增加,上风向和下风向谷物(小米和面粉)中∑PAHs都呈现“N”趋势;室内灰尘中∑PAHs的浓度高于室外灰尘,随着距离增加,室外灰尘中∑PAHs在上风向和下风向都呈先下降后上升的趋势。健康风险评估显示,研究区饮用水中PAHs的致癌风险指数处于10^(-6)~10^(-4)范围内,具有潜在致癌风险,且成人的致癌风险高于儿童;灰尘中PAHs对人体具有强致癌风险,且室内外灰尘对儿童、成人的致癌风险均呈现出室内>室外、成人>儿童的特征;小米和面粉对人体的致癌风险均属于高致癌风险。
A large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)would be released into the environment in the pro-cess of coal-based industrial activities,contaminating soil,water and crops,and posing a potential threat to human health.In this study,taking a typical coal-based industrial park in Changzhi,Shanxi Province as the study area,drinking water,indoor and outdoor dust,and grain samples were collected at the center of the park and 2 km,5 km and 8 km upstream and down-stream,respectively.By determining the concentration of PAHs in the samples using chromatography-mass spectrometry(GS-MS),we analyzed the multimedia pollution characteristics of PAHs,and evaluated their human health risks.The results showed that the range of∑PAHs in drinking water in the study area was 233.57~337.05 ng/L,which complied with the limit value of∑PAHs(2×10^(3) ng/L)in the standard of drinking water(GB 5749-2022).As the increase of distance from the center of the study area,the∑PAHs in drinking water in both upwind and downwind directions showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The ranges of∑PAHs in millet and flour were 113.70~2318.57 ng/g and 108.42~512.30 ng/g,respec-tively,and the trend of∑PAHs in grains both upwind and downwind showed an‘N’trend with the increase of distance from the center.The levels of∑PAHs in indoor dust were higher than those in outdoor dust.As the distance increased,the levels of∑PAHs in outdoor dust showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing in both upwind and downwind directions.The carcinogenic risk index of PAHs in drinking water in the study area was within the range of 10^(-6)~10^(-4),indicating a potential carcinogenic risk,especially for adults.PAHs in indoor dust had stronger carcinogenic risk to humans than outdoor dust,and the carcinogenic risks of indoor and outdoor dusts were higher to adults than children.PAHs in millet and flour posed high carcinogenic risks to humans.
作者
解榕
苏超
刘勇
XIE Rong;SU Chao;LIU Yong(Shanxi Key Laboratory of Loess Plateau Ecological Restoration,Institute of Loess Plateau Research,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期83-92,共10页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42107420,U1910207)
山西省应用基础研究计划项目(20210302124363)。
关键词
煤炭产业
多环芳烃
不同介质
污染特征
健康风险
coal industry
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
multimedia
concentration characteristic
health risk
