摘要
污水处理对于水环境保护具有重要作用,但其同时是全球最主要的能耗及碳排放源之一,推动污水处理减污降碳、实现污水处理行业绿色发展目前已受到学术界的广泛关注。通过构建涵盖减污、降碳双目标的城镇污水处理绿色效率评价指标体系,运用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM-DEA模型、Kernel密度估计、传统与空间马尔科夫转移概率矩阵分析,测度了2013—2020年中国30个省份的城镇污水处理绿色效率并分析其时空演化特征,运用Tobit模型对城镇污水处理绿色效率的影响因素进行实证研究。研究发现:①在研究期内,中国城镇污水处理绿色效率呈现高低交错的波动下降趋势,整体效率值处于中高水平,2016年后逐渐稳定至“东-中-西”阶梯递减的分布格局。②马尔科夫概率转移矩阵结果显示中国城镇污水处理绿色效率具有一定的稳定性,且存在“俱乐部趋同”现象,在相邻年份难以实现“跨越式”转移。地理因素发挥重要了作用,转移概率受到邻域空间溢出效应以及区域初始状态的影响。③从回归结果看来,总体上,污水处理厂累计完成投资、人均GDP、管网密度、就业人数、人口密度、绿色发明专利申请数、降水量与中国城镇污水处理绿色效率之间存在显著的正向关系,雨污合流管道长度、行业平均工资、产业结构、环境规制、人均水资源量对中国城镇污水处理绿色效率具有显著抑制作用,城镇化率作用不明显,且各影响因素的作用程度与条件等具有较强的地域性。
Wastewater treatment plays an important role in water environmental protection,but it is also one of the most important sources of energy consumption and carbon emission in the world.Therefore,promoting the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions in sewage treatment and achieving green development in the sewage treatment industry has garnered widespread attention in academia.This study constructed an evaluation index system for the green efficiency of urban sewage treatment that covered both pollution reduction and carbon reduction targets.The super-efficieny SBM-DEA model,including non-desired outputs,Kernel density estimation,traditional and spatial Markov transfer probability matrix,was used to measure the green efficiency of urban wastewater treatment in 30 provinces(cities and autonomous regions)in China from 2013 to 2020.Also,the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics were analyzed and empirical research was conducted using the Tobit model.The result showed that during the study period,the green efficiency of urban sewage treatment in China showed a fluctuating downward trend,and the efficiency gradually stabilized into the distribution pattern of“East-Middle-West”decreasing step after 2016.The results of Markov probability transfer matrix showed that the efficiency had a certain degree of stability,and there was a“club convergence”phenomenon.Geographical factors playedan important role.From theregression results,there was a significant positive relationship between the cumulative completed investment in wastewater treatment plants,GDP per capita,pipe network density,employment,population density,number of green invention patent applications,precipitation and green efficiency of wastewater treatment in China.On the other hand,the length of combined rainwater and sewage pipes,average industry wages,industrial structure,environmental regulations,and per capita water resources had a significant inhibitory effect on the green efficiency of urban sewage treatment in China.The degree and condi
作者
黄可含
邓群钊
杜海娇
HUANG Kehan;DENG Qunzhao;DU Haijiao(School of Public Policy and Management,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报（理科版）》
CAS
2024年第2期183-193,204,共12页
Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07208-009)。
关键词
减污降碳
污水处理
绿色效率
时空演化
影响因素
pollution reduction and carbon reduction
wastewater treatment
green efficiency
spatial and temporal evolution
influencing factors
