摘要
目的对彝药豆瓣绿(果久鲁)进行本草考证和生药学研究,为正本清源及质量控制提供依据。方法通过查阅古今本草文献结合实际调查研究,从名称、基原、彝族药用情况、民间验方4个方面进行考证。进行植物形态及药材性状的观察及描述,制备茎、叶中脉横切面石蜡切片及全草粉末装片,观察显微特征;基于薄层色谱法进行理化鉴别,采用HPLC对其主要药效物质基础α-细辛脑进行含量测定,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,对其化学轮廓进行气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析。结果在不同本草专著中,以豆瓣绿为原植物所记载的正名并不统一,且别名甚多,共计5个正名,44个别名,同物异名现象十分突出。另外,同名异物也客观存在:以“一柱香”为正名记载药物除胡椒科植物豆瓣绿外,还涉及茜草科植物一柱香Oldeniandia capituligera(Hce)O.Ktze.,以“鹿衔(草)”为名记载药物除豆瓣绿外,还涉及鹿蹄草科植物鹿蹄草Pyrola calliantha H.Andres或普通鹿蹄草Pyrola decorata H.Andres;草胡椒属近缘植物石蝉草Peperomia dindygulensis Miq.、短穗草胡椒Peperomia duclouxli C.DC.亦被作为豆瓣绿所使用。文献可查的彝族药用情况可追溯到《云南省志》,综合考证,其彝文名为:■,音译名:果久鲁。文献记载收载民间验方10个。对采集的10批药材进行系统生药学研究,确定了豆瓣绿药材形态特征、组织构造和粉末特征、理化鉴别特征,通过HPLC测定α-细辛脑含量在0.0648%~0.5916%,对产自四川、云南、贵州的5批药材进行挥发油GC-MS分析,鉴定出24种化合物,采用峰面积百分比法,得到相对百分含量大于2%的共有成分5种。结论本研究完成了彝药豆瓣绿的本草考证及生药学研究,推动其纳入了《四川省中药材标准》(藏、彝、羌、苗药材2022年版),将为豆瓣绿的质量科学评价和深度开发提供重要依据。
OBJECTIVE To provide the basis for the original source and quality control,and investigate herbal textual and pharmacognosy of Yi medicine Peperomia tetraphylla(Guo Jiu Lu).METHODS By consulting ancient and modern herbal literature combined with actual investigation and research,the research was carried out from four aspects:name,the origin,Yi medicinal use history and folk proved prescription.The plant morphology and medicinal properties were observed and described,the paraffin sections of stems and leaves and the whole grass powder were prepared to observe the microscopic characteristics.Physicochemical identification was performed based on thin-layer chromatography.The content ofα-asarone in P.Tetraphylla was determined by HPLC.The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation and the volatile components were analyzed by GC-MS.RESULTS In different herbal works,the proper names recorded with Peperomia tetraphylla.as the original plant are not uniform,and there are many other names,including 5 proper names and 44 specific names.The phenomenon of the same substance with different names is very prominent.In addition,the foreign substance of the same name also exists objectively:in addition to the Piperaceae plant Peperomia tetraphylla.,the drug recorded with the name of"Yizhuxiang"also involved the Rubidiaceae plant Hedyotis capituligera Hance.The related plants of Peperomia genus Peperomia blanda and Peperomia duclouxii were also known as Peperomia tetraphylla.,which was a foreign substance of the same name.The medicinal use of Yi nationality could be traced back to the journal of《Yunnan Sheng Zhi》,comprehensive research,the yi language called:,transliteration name:Guo Jiu Lu.Ten folk empirical prescriptions were recorded in the literature.Systematic pharmacognostic study was carried out on 10 lots of collected medicinal materials,and the morphological characteristics,tissue structure,powder characteristics,and physical and chemical identification characteristics of the medicinal materials were determined
作者
王晓燕
官仕玉
杨昌琴
黄艳
高驰
尹鸿翔
WANG Xiaoyan;GUAN Shiyu;YANG Changqin;HUANG Yan;GAO Chi;YIN Hongxiang(College of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China;College of Ethnomedicine,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China;Sichuan Provincial Institute for Drug Control,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines,Chengdu 611731,China)
出处
《中国药学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期589-599,共11页
Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal
基金
四川省药品监督管理局中药(民族药)标准提升项目资助(510201202102305)。
关键词
豆瓣绿
彝药
本草考证
生药学
气相色谱-质谱联用
质量控制
Peperomia tetraphylla
Yi medicine
Herbal textual research
Pharmacognosy
GC-MS
quality control
