摘要
商业混淆行为的违法性在于破坏商业标识的指引功能,扰乱消费者在商业标识、商品和商品来源之间建立的联系。认定商业混淆行为需要界定有一定影响的商业标识、该商业标识所附的商品和商品的来源,可以采用“剥离法”将商业标识和商品的各个要素分解与组合,找到具有值得法律保护最低限度指引功能的拟制商业标识和商品。考察涉案商业标识是否会构成混淆,可以从客观上判断商业标识外观的近似度,也可以直接考察消费者主观上是否对相关商业标识产生误认或误认的可能。对商业标识权益的归属问题可以选择采用权利保护模式和利益保护模式:权利保护模式将商业标识作为权利客体,适用在先使用标准确权;利益保护模式则通过过去的利益结构和未来可能的利益结构对商业标识利益进行再分配。
The illegality of commercial confusion lies in destroying the guiding function of business marks and disturbing the connection between business marks,commodities and commodity sources.To determine commercial confusion,it is necessary to defi ne the commercial mark and the source of the commodity and the commodity that the commercial mark is attached which has a certain influence.The“stripping method”can be used to decompose and combine the various elements of the commercial mark and the commodity to fi nd the artifi cial commercial mark and commodity with the minimum guiding function worthy of legal protection.To investigate whether the commercial mark involved in the case will constitute confusion,the similarity of the appearance of the commercial marks need be objectively judged,and the fact or possibility of confusion of consumers by the commercial mark subjectively need be directly investigated.For the ownership of the rights and interests of the commercial mark,the rights protection model or the interest’s protection model can be chosen.The rights protection model takes the commercial mark as the object of rights and applies the fi rst use standard to confi rm rights,and the interest’s protection model redistributes the interests of the commercial mark on the basis of the past interests’structure and the possible future interests’structure.
作者
黄彦钦
HUANG Yan-qin(Law School,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《上海对外经贸大学学报》
北大核心
2024年第3期60-74,共15页
Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics
关键词
商业标识
商业混淆
反不正当竞争法
红罐之争
剥离法
commercial mark
commercial confusion
anti-unfair competition law
red cans fight
stripping method
