摘要
The tumor microenvironment is a complex network of cells,extracellular matrix,and signaling molecules that plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis.Lymphatic and blood vessels are major routes for solid tumor metastasis and essential parts of tumor drainage conduits.However,recent studies have shown that lymphatic endothelial cells(LECs)and blood endothelial cells(BECs)also play multifaceted roles in the tumor microenvironment beyond their structural functions,particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This comprehensive review summarizes the diverse roles played by LECs and BECs in HCC,including their involvement in angiogenesis,immune modulation,lymphangiogenesis,and metastasis.By providing a detailed account of the complex interplay between LECs,BECs,and tumor cells,this review aims to shed light on future research directions regarding the immune regulatory function of LECs and potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
基金
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81702923,and No.81971503
Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology,No.NKLMI2023K03
Shanghai Shen Kang Hospital Development Center Clinical Science and Technology Innovation Project,No.SHDC12020104
Basic Medical Research Project of Naval Medical University,No.2022QN072.
