摘要
钢轨波磨是一种常见的高速铁路轨道病害。为了研究钢轨波磨参数与轴箱加速度响应时频特征之间的对应关系,从理论上探索通过轴箱振动加速度识别钢轨波磨的可行性,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论建立了考虑车辆主要部件柔性化的刚柔耦合动力学模型。通过与实测数据的对比,验证了模型的准确性;在研究了钢轨波磨参数与轴箱振动加速度时域信号之间因应关系的基础上提出了一种基于VMD-SPWVD的钢轨波磨时频分析方法,并验证了该方法的有效性。研究结果表明,钢轨波磨会对轴箱振动加速度信号产生较大影响;不同波深和波长下的轴箱振动加速度最大值在时域信号中的位置具有随机性;钢轨波磨参数与轴箱振动加速度均方根之间的规律性较为明显,但其作为一种时域指标无法准确定位波磨区段的位置和严重程度;相较于时域分析方法,本文提出的基于VMD-SPWVD的时频分析方法能有效反映钢轨波磨参数与轴箱振动加速度之间的因应关系,时频分析结果能准确得到钢轨波磨的特征频率且不存在干扰成分,能量幅值与钢轨波磨波深之间呈正相关,该方法可以定位波磨存在的区段并能够体现同一区段不同位置波磨的严重程度。最后采用该方法对实测数据进行分析,进一步验证了本文所述方法通过轴箱振动加速度信号识别钢轨波磨的有效性。
Rail corrugation is a common rail disease in high-speed railway.To study the relationship between rail corrugation and the time-frequency characteristics of axle box acceleration,and to explore the feasibility of identifying rail corrugation using axle box acceleration,a rigid-flexible coupled dynamics model was established with the flexible wheelset and axle box.The accuracy of the model was verified by the comparison with the measurements.The VMD-SPWVD method was proposed based on the relationship between rail corrugation and axle box acceleration in time domain.The results show that rail corrugation has a great influence on the axle box acceleration.The maximum positions of axle box acceleration under different wave depths and lengths are random in time domain.There is a certain relationship between rail corrugation and the root mean square.However,as a time domain index,it cannot accurately locate the region of rail corrugation and evaluate its severity.Compared with the time domain method,the VMD-SPWVD can effectively reflect the relationship between rail corrugation and axle box acceleration,and identify the characteristic frequency of rail corrugation without any interference.The energy amplitude increases monotonically with the wave depth.This method can locate the region where rail corrugation exists and reflect its severity at different positions.The effectiveness of this method was further validated by the field test.
作者
和振兴
刘旭麒
王玉魁
封全保
王淑珍
HE Zhenxing;LIU Xuqi;WANG Yukui;FENG Quanbao;WANG Shuzhen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Tianjin Institute of High-end Equipment,Tsinghua University,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期1275-1285,共11页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52162047)
兰州市科技计划项目(2022-2-26)。
关键词
高速铁路
钢轨波磨
轴箱加速度
动力学响应
时频特征
high-speed railway
rail corrugation
axle box acceleration
dynamic response
time-frequency characteristics
