摘要
【目的】为早实核桃高效栽培管理提供参考。【方法】以‘中核短枝’和‘新新2号’2个早实核桃品种为研究对象,在种仁油脂转化期到成熟期每隔10 d进行取样,测定种仁中粗脂肪、粗蛋白、单宁、总酚、总糖和各脂肪酸组分含量,分析基础营养物质含量和油脂含量的变化动态及二者之间的相关性。【结果】2个早实核桃品种种仁中油脂积累的关键时期是7月下旬—9月中下旬,成熟时‘中核短枝’种仁脂肪含量为67%,‘新新2号’种仁脂肪含量为65%。在2个早实核桃品种种仁中共检测出5种主要脂肪酸组分,分别是棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸,‘中核短枝’和‘新新2号’种仁中不饱和脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸含量的比例分别高达89.60%和88.97%。不饱和脂肪酸的主要成分为油酸和亚油酸,‘中核短枝’和‘新新2号’种仁中油酸的占比分别为21.36%、14.09%,亚油酸的占比分别为58.38%、61.80%。在种仁油脂积累过程中,基础营养物质对脂肪积累也有重要作用,蛋白质含量与脂肪含量极显著负相关,在油脂转化期蛋白质、总糖的消耗量较大,总酚和单宁与不饱和脂肪酸合成密切相关。【结论】‘中核短枝’和‘新新2号’2个早实核桃种仁的油脂积累和脂肪酸组分含量的变化趋势基本一致,在7月下旬—9月中下旬迅速增加。2个早实核桃品种种仁中不饱和脂肪酸含量均较高,主要成分为油酸和亚油酸。‘中核短枝’成熟种仁中脂肪含量较高、单宁含量和总酚含量较低,可作为优质核桃品种进行栽培利用。
【Objective】Provide reference for efficient cultivation and management of early fruiting walnut.【Method】Taking‘Zhonghe Duanzhi’and‘Xinxin 2’as the research objects,the seed kernels were sampled every 10 days from the oil transformation period to the maturity period to determine the content of crude fat,crude protein,tannin,total phenol,total sugar and fatty acid components,and to analyze the content of basic nutrients and oil content,and the relationship between them.The basic nutrients contents,the oil dynamics of changes and the correlation between them were analyzed.【Result】The critical period for oil accumulation in the seed kernels of the two early fruiting walnut varieties was from late July to mid-late September,and the fat content of the seed kernels at maturity was 67%in the‘Zhonghe Duanzhi’and 65%in the‘Xinxin 2’.A total of five major fatty acid components were detected in the kernels of the two early fruiting walnut varieties,which were palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,andα-linolenic acid.The unsaturated fatty acid content in the kernels of‘Zhonghe Duanzhi’and‘Xinxin 2’accounted for 89.60%and 88.97%of the total fatty acid content,respectively.The main components of unsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid and linoleic acid,and the percentages of oleic acid in the seed kernels of‘Zhonghe Duanzhi’and‘Xinxin 2’were 21.36%and 14.09%,and the percentages of linoleic acid were 58.38%and 61.80%.In the process of oil accumulation in seed kernels,basic nutrients also played an important role in fat accumulation.Protein content was highly significantly negatively correlated with fat content,and protein and total sugars were consumed more during the oil conversion period,while total phenols and tannins were closely related to the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids.【Conclusion】The trends of oil accumulation and fatty acid fraction content in the seed kernels of two early fruiting walnuts,‘Zhonghe Duanzhi’and‘Xinxin 2’,were basically the sam
作者
鲁梦婷
赵钰
韩立群
马凯
赵世荣
LU Mengting;ZHAO Yu;HAN Liqun;MA Kai;ZHAO Shirong(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Fruit Science Observation and Experiment Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2024年第1期48-56,共9页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
新疆生产建设兵团南疆重点产业创新发展支撑计划项目(2022DB022)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1000101)。
关键词
核桃
种仁
发育动态
营养指标
脂肪酸组分
walnut
kernel
developmental dynamics
nutrition indicators
fatty acid components
