摘要
中间包是连铸工序中钢坯结晶前的最后一环,由于中间包热辐射及对流传热、耐火材料吸热等原因,中间包的钢液温度难以稳定。利用电磁感应原理制成的感应式中间包能够完成中间包钢液温度的补偿。由于中间包温度控制具有非线性和大滞后性的特点,常规PID无法精确地控制其温度,故将粒子群算法(PSO)用于优化常规PID,实现系统的PID参数自整定,克服常规PID调参工作量大和控制精度低的缺陷。在实际生产中,由于换包过程、浇铸初期和末期会出现较大的温度波动,故在仿真某一时刻给模型加入了一个较大的降温干扰。在Matlab/Simulink中编写PSO算法并建立仿真模型。仿真结果显示,经PSO优化后的PID算法超调量减小74.28%,达稳态所需时间缩短27.2 s,在面对较大的温降干扰时,比常规PID响应速度更快且恢复稳态时间更短。
The tundish is the last step before the crystallization of the billet in the continuous casting process.The temperature of molten steel in the tundish is difficult to stabilize due to thermal radiation,convective heat transfer and heat absorption of refractory materials.The induction tundish made by electromagnetic induction principle can complete the compensation of molten steel temperature in tundish.Because of the nonlinear and large lag characteristics of the tundish temperature control,the conventional PID cannot accurately control its temperature.Therefore,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)is used to optimize the conventional PID to realize the self-tuning of the PID parameters of the system and overcome the conventional PID.The shortcomings of large workload and low control accuracy.In actual production,due to the large temperature fluctuation in the ladle change process,the initial and final stages of casting,a large cooling interference is added to the model at a certain time in the simulation.The PSO algorithm is written in Matlab/Simulink and the simulation model is established.The simulation results show that the overshoot of the PID algorithm optimized by PSO is reduced by 74.28%,and the time required to reach steady state is shortened by 27.2 s.In the face of large temperature drop interference,the response speed is faster than the conventional PID and the recovery time is shorter.
作者
杨武全
张显都
冷方玉
YANG Wuquan;ZHANG Xiandu;LENG Fangyu(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China)
出处
《机械工程师》
2024年第5期36-39,共4页
Mechanical Engineer
关键词
连铸中间包
感应加热
粒子群PID
温度控制
continuous casting tundish
induction heating
particle swarm PID
temperature control
