摘要
福建民团组织及团防体系是地方军事化进程中的重要组成部分。1927年,国共合作破裂后,中共革命从城市转向农村,中共中央从阶级理论出发,对民团组织采取分化瓦解策略。但受制于具体革命情势,闽东地方党组织与民团武装的互动却呈现出更为复杂的历史面相。1932年底,福鼎地下党借助十九路军筹建省保卫团干部训练所之机,派遣人员顺势进入民团体系,后虽遭告密,撤出民团,却推进了福鼎革命发展。1933年5月,宁德党组织采取里应外合方式,突袭霍童等民团武装,缴获枪支武器,并在此基础上建立游击队伍。但霍童民团并未被完全消灭,且与海军陆战队联手抓捕宁德团委书记颜阿兰并将其杀害,此后宁德游击队与霍童民团呈现拉锯状态。个案研究呈现出闽东党组织与民团武装或从打入到分开或从里应外合到紧张拉锯的复杂面相,既与民团等武装强弱有关,同时与党的建设状况、武装力量大小等因素密不可分,这对于认知和理解中共乡村革命的丰富叙事及基层统一战线的复杂生成颇有启迪。
The militia organization and its defense system in Fujian are important components of the local militarization process.In 1927,after the collapse of the Kuomintang-Communist Coopera-tion,the CPC's revolution shifted from urban areas to rural areas.The Central Committee of the CPC,based on class theory,adopted a strategy of fragmentation and disintegration towards the mili-tia organization.However,constrained by the specific revolutionary situation,the interaction be-tween local organizations of the CPC in eastern Fujian and the militia organization presents a more complex historical aspect.At the end of 1932,the underground party in Fuding took advantage of the establishment of the Provincial Defense Corps Cadre Training Institute by the 19th Route Army and dispatched personnel to enter the militia system.Although they were later reported and withdrew from the militia,they promoted the development of the revolution in Fuding.In May 1933,the or-ganization of the CPC in Ningde got help from outside or in,launched a surprise attack on the mili-tias such as Huotong,obtained firearms and weapons,and established guerrlla forces on this basis.But the Huotong militia was not completely eradicated,and they joined forces with the Marine Corps to capture and kill the Secretary of the Ningde Youth League Committee,Yan Alan.Afterwards,the Ningde guerrllas and the Huotong militia were in a tug of war.The case study presents a complex interplay between the organization of the CPC in eastern Fujian and the militia system,from infiltra-tion to separation,or from internal and external cooperation to intense tug of war.This is not only related to the strength of the militias,but also closely related to factors such as the status of party building and the size of the armed forces.This is very enlightening for understanding the rich narra-tive of the CPCs rural revolution and the complex formation of grassroots united front.
作者
许彬
陆发春
Xu Bin;Lu Fachun
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“中共政策转变与大别山区红军的武装整合研究(1927—1939)”(23BDJ080)。
关键词
中共
闽东
民团
打入
拉锯
福建
the CPC
eastern Fujian
militia
infiltration
tug of war
Fujian
