摘要
文章对互动交际中的“那么”加以考察,发现自然会话中的“那么”除了具有传统的代词、连词功能之外,还具有非真值条件性、可选择性、连接性等典型特征,能够充当话语标记,其基本功能是提请听话人关注后续话语内容,具体表现为:承递信息,说话人在同一子话题内通过“那么”提示对方后续话语是即将引入的焦点信息;转换话题,顺延先行话题并激活新的话题,实现相关子话题间的衔接转换;延续话轮,填补说话人的思维空白并保持话语权,同时提示对方持续关注新内容。话语标记“那么”由连接条件复句的连词语法化产生,会话行为的互动属性、自然口语中的高频使用及句法位置的不断外移等因素都在其中起到了重要的推动作用。
This article explores Name(那么)in interactive communications,and finds that Name(那么)in conversation not only has the functions of pronouns and conjunctions,but also has some typical characteristics such as non-truth-conditionality,optionality,and connectivity.Therefore,Name(那么)can serve as a discourse marker whose basic function is to draw the listener's attention to the content of the follow-up utterance,and this basic function can be classified into three types:conveying information,that is,the speaker reminds the listener that the follow-up utterance is the focus to be introduced by Name(那么)in the same subtopic;shifting subtopics,that is,the speaker advances the former subtopic and activates a new subtopics for the listener,and reminds the listener to realize the transition between the two related subtopics;maintaining the turn,that is,the speaker uses Name(那么)for filling his thinking gap and maintaining the utterance floor,and at the same time prompting the listener to continue to pay attention to the coming utterance.Also,this article finds that the discourse marker Name(那么)is produced by the grammaticalization of conjunctions in conditional adverbial clauses,in which the interactive nature,its high-frequency in conversation and the syntactic position all play an important role in this process.
作者
刘晨阳
LIU Chen-yang(International College of Chinese Studies,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
出处
《语言研究》
北大核心
2024年第2期17-24,共8页
Studies in Language and Linguistics
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“修辞构式和语法构式的互动及其认知和功能解释研究”(19YJC740085)
上海市高水平地方高校重点创新团队“比较语言学与汉语国际传播”。
关键词
话语标记
那么
语义弱化
交互主观性
Discourse marker
Name(那么)
Semantic reduction
Intersubjectivity
