摘要
在法典化背景下,对环境法基本制度的传统认识函需法理反思。环境法基本制度本质上是环境法规范基于共通调整手段的有机结合,具有涵盖多个环境法子部门的适用广泛性,贯彻落实环境法内在价值体系的价值融贯性,以及区别于环境法特别制度与相关部门法制度的规范层次性。为增进内在的价值融贯性,环境法基本制度应具备包括目标导向、直接管控、激励诱导、事后应对类制度的类型构造,与环境法基本原则构成充分的相互证立关系。法典编纂应据此从现行环境立法中提取基本制度类型,并结合环境政策予以改革补充。为确保外在的规范层次性,环境法基本制度需具备包括定义规则、权义配置规则、制度衔接规则、法律责任规则的规则构造,与环境法体系内外的其他制度形成明确的规范分工。法典编纂应据此优先承继完善成形的基本制度,进而通过抽象提炼形成共通性规则,同时对照相关部门法排除重复规则。
In the context of codification,the traditional understanding of basic systems of environmental law needs jurisprudential reflections.Basic systems of environmental law are the organic combination of environmental law norms based on common regulatory methods,with broad applicability covering multiple branches of environmental law,value coherence implementing the intrinsic value of environmental law,and normative hierarchy distinguished from special systems of environmental law and systems of relevant branches of law.To enhance intrinsic value coherence,basic systems of environmental law should have a typological structure consisting of objective orientation,direct control,economic incentive,and damage response systems,forming the relationship of sufficiently mutual justification with basic principles of environmental law.Accordingly,the codification should extract the types of basic systems from existing environmental laws,and reform and supplement them on the basis of relevant environmental policies.To ensure the external normative hierarchy,basic systems of environmental law should have a rule structure consisting of rules of definition,right and obligation allocation,system connection,as well as legal responsibility,so as to form a clear normative division of work with other systems inside and outside the environmental law.Accordingly,the codification should prioritize the embodiment of existing basic systems,and then form common rules through abstract refinement,while eliminating duplicated rules in relevant branches of law.
出处
《法学研究》
北大核心
2024年第2期135-154,共20页
Chinese Journal of Law
关键词
环境法典
环境法基本制度
环境法体系化
体系融贯
environmental code
basic systems of environmental law
systematization of environmental law
coherent system
