摘要
在全球碳减排的背景下,电动汽车数量迅速增加,电动汽车充电机器人作为一种智能充电装备受到国内外广泛关注,但目前充电机器人相关技术的梳理、归纳、总结和标准化等工作仍未开展系统性研究。首先,全面梳理了国内外电动汽车充电机器人的发展现状和技术路线,从结构设计、识别定位、柔顺控制和控制系统4个方面进行了综述。其次,提出了涵盖现有主流机器人的分类方法,提炼了机器人的特点和适用场景。进而,分析电动汽车充电机器人标准现状,提出了充电机器人术语、分类和通用技术等标准需求,构建了机器人标准体系。最后,探索了电动汽车充电机器人在自动化、智能化、规模化、多功能化和互联互通5个维度的应用与发展趋势,并对其在自动驾驶、自动泊车和车网友好互动等方面的应用潜力进行展望。
With the global push for carbon emission reduction,the rapid proliferation of electric vehicles(EVs)has brought significant attention to intelligent charging equipment such as EV charging robots in China and abroad.However,there remains a notable absence of systematic investigation encompassing the categorization,synthesis,summarization,and standardization of technologies associated with charging robots.An all-encompassing exploration of the development status and technological trajectories of EV charging robots worldwide is embarked upon,covering facets such as structural design,recognition and localization,compliant control,and control systems.Moreover,a taxonomy is proposed that encapsulates prevailing robots,distilling their features and applicable contexts.Subsequently,an analysis of existing standards in the realm of EV charging robots is presented.This analysis gives rise to requisites for standards including terminologies,classifications,and general technologies,thus culminating in the formulation of a robotic standard framework.Finally,insights into the application and prospects of EV charging robots are unveiled across five dimensions:automation,intelligence,scalability,multi-functionality,and interconnectivity.This exploration extends to the potential utility of EV charging robots in realms such as autonomous driving,automated parking,and harmonious vehicle-grid interactions.
作者
杨磊
浑连明
祖国强
李树军
李心达
郭俊龙
张玉涛
YANG Lei;HUN Lianming;ZU Guoqiang;LI Shujun;LI Xinda;GUO Junlong;ZHANG Yutao(State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Research Institute,Tianjin 300384,China;State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211106,China;Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute,Tsinghua University,Chengdu 610042,China;State Grid Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102209,China;School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)
出处
《中国电力》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期89-99,共11页
Electric Power
基金
国家电网有限公司科技项目(居民社区电动汽车低压直流充放电系统关键技术研究与示范,5400-202312239A-1-1-ZN)。
关键词
电动汽车
充电机器人
发展现状
标准需求
electric vehicle
charging robot
development status
standard demand
