摘要
The issue of energy consumption has garnered significant interest due to its excessive usage.Recently,thermoelectric devices have been getting increased attention,as they can harness waste heat from various sources,such as solar radiation,human body,and industrial processes.Traditionally,the recovery of low-grade heat has been a challenge,resulting in unsustainable energy use and significant losses.While considerable advances have been made in thermoelectric materials in recent decades,the majority of these devices still primarily employ semiconductors.Nevertheless,the emergence of quasi-solid-state thermoelectric materials represents a novel development with profound promise for the environment and society.These materials offer several advantages,such as improved energy conversion capacities,cost-effectiveness,versatility,and scalability,to support increased usage.Additionally,this review explores the application of thermoelectric materials in self-powered sensors,integrated modules,and heat harvesting management.Lastly,the potential of high-performance thermocouples based on thermogalvanic effects is assessed,along with the challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal.
基金
supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(51977079)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation(3232054)
the Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing of CARDC(Grant No.IADL 20210401)
the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(226Z1204G)
the Top Young Innovative Talents of Colleges and Universities of Higher Learning Institutions of Hebei(BJ2021095)
Youth Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering(CSEE-YESS-2017002)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020MS115),。
