摘要
针对主动磁悬浮轴承系统(AMBs)转子跌落过程中转子与保护轴承碰摩产生巨大冲击、振动和大量摩擦热,易使保护轴承失效的问题,对立式转子跌落到保护轴承过程中的热特性进行了研究,分析了转子跌落对保护轴承造成破坏的主要影响因素,进而提出了一种采用磁控溅射技术在保护轴承关键表面沉积固体润滑薄膜(类石墨碳基薄膜,GLC)的减摩方法,并对镀膜、未镀膜的保护轴承进行了转子跌落试验。研究结果表明:跌落转速为20000 r/min时,保护轴承的最高温度为210.60℃,出现在转子与轴承内圈端面高速碰摩阶段,该温度超过了轴承钢160℃的回火温度,导致轴承烧伤而失效。在跌落试验中,镀有GLC薄膜的自润滑保护轴承试验后的沟道和端面外观明显优于未镀膜保护轴承,由碰摩发热导致的内圈端面硬度下降也较轻,质心轨迹和轴向位移更加平稳,温升更低,GLC薄膜起到了关键的自润滑和减摩功能,提高了保护轴承的使用寿命和服役可靠性,为解决主动磁悬浮轴承系统中保护轴承易失效而发生重大事故的问题提供了一种思路和方法。
The rotor of the AMBs and the auxiliary bearing might produce huge impacts,vibrations and friction heat during the rotor falling which was easy to make the auxiliary bearing fail.The thermal characteristics during the vertical rotor drop on auxiliary bearings were studied,and the main factors leading to the auxiliary bearing failure during the rotor falling were analyzed herein.Subsequently,a method of reducing friction was proposed to deposit solid lubricating film(GLC)on the key surfaces of auxiliary bearings by magnetron sputtering technology,and the rotor drop tests of coated and uncoated auxiliary bearings were performed.The results show that the maximum temperature of the auxiliary bearing is as 210.60℃at a drop speed of 20000 r/min,which appear in the high-speed rubbing stage between the rotor and the inner ring end face of the bearing.The temperature is higher than the tempering temperature of bearing steel of 160℃,which will lead to the failure of the bearing burn.The surface appearance of the channel and end face of the self-lubricating auxiliary bearings coated with GLC film is obviously better than that of the uncoated ordinary auxiliary bearing after the drop tests.The hardness decrease of the inner ring end face caused by friction and heating is lighter,the trajectory of the center of mass and axial displacement are more stable,and the temperature rise is lower.The GLC films play a key role in self-lubrication,wear resistance and friction reduction,the service life and service reliability of the auxiliary bearings are improved.It also provides an idea and method to solve the problems of auxiliary bearing failures easily in AMBs.
作者
李迎春
聂傲男
杨明宣
朱定康
邱明
杨更生
LI Yingchun;NIE Aonan;YANG Mingxuan;ZHU Dingkang;QIU Ming;YANG Gengsheng(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan,471003;Collaborative Innovation Center of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan,471003)
出处
《中国机械工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期646-655,共10页
China Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2000101)。
关键词
主动磁悬浮轴承系统
保护轴承
类石墨碳基薄膜
减摩
active magnetic bearing system(AMBs)
auxiliary bearing
graphite-like carbon film(GLC)
friction reduction
