摘要
光脉冲编码(OPC)近年来在光纤声波传感领域备受关注,特别是将其与相位敏感光时域反射仪(Φ-OTDR)相结合的技术。通过对注入光纤中的探测脉冲进行编码,可在不增加脉冲峰值功率的情况下大幅提高传感信号的信噪比,同时避免了非线性效应的影响;在接收端解码后可获得单脉冲响应,系统空间分辨率由单个脉冲而不是整个探测脉冲序列的长度决定,从而在获得高信噪比传感信号的同时保持了空间分辨率。本文首先回顾了OPC在光纤声波传感领域中的发展历程;然后,重点介绍了本课题组基于OPC的分布式和准分布式声波传感研究进展,特别是在传感带宽提升方面的成效;最后,对基于OPC的光纤声波传感技术未来发展方向进行了探讨。
Significance Optical pulse coding(OPC)has caught much attention in optical fiber sensing in recent years,especially when combined with phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry(Φ-OTDR).In the 1970s,optical fiber sensing technology emerged rapidly with the development of optical fiber communication technology,and it employs optical fiber as the sensing medium or optical transmission path to sense changes in the surrounding environment by the characteristic changes of light waves.With the increasing demand for sensors in society and the continuous maturation of optical sensing technology,optical fiber sensing systems have been widely adopted.These systems based on the light scattering principle can carry out long-term monitoring in harsh environments and achieve the measurement of physical quantities with large spatial scales or high spatial densities by continuous sensing points in optical fibers.Meanwhile,they have become a key component of borderline security,firefighting early warning,pipeline monitoring,transportation line supervising,and large-scale structural health monitoring among other fields.Based on Raman scattering,Brillouin scattering,and Rayleigh scattering,a variety of optical fiber sensing schemes can be implemented.Rayleigh scattering is a kind of elastic scattering caused by refractive index changes in the optical fiber and has a faster response speed compared with the other two scattering methods.Additionally,based on the interference effect,Rayleigh scattering-based optical fiber sensing is more sensitive to the changes in the measured parameters.Φ-OTDR based on Rayleigh scattering is one of the most important applications of distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)and quasi-distributed acoustic sensing(Q-DAS),with fast response and high sensitivity.Despite the sound performance ofΦ-OTDR,it is still affected by some of its factors,such as signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),spatial resolution,and transmission distance.The mutual constraints among these factors can limit theΦ-OTDR performance.By cod
作者
刘纯野
万安池
梁永鑫
蒋家林
吴悦
张滨
邓子文
饶云江
王子南
Liu Chunye;Wan Anchi;Liang Yongxin;Jiang Jialin;Wu Yue;Zhang Bin;Deng Ziwen;Rao Yunjiang;Wang Zinan(Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications,Ministry of Education,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,Sichuan,China;Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing,Zhejiang Lab,Hangzhou 311121,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《光学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期240-254,共15页
Acta Optica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(62075030,41527805)。
关键词
光纤传感
光脉冲编码
分布式声波传感
相位敏感光时域反射仪
optical fiber sensing
optical pulse coding
distributed acoustic sensing
phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry
