摘要
光频域反射(OFDR)是一种基于光调频连续波原理的分布式光纤测量技术,它利用扫频光干涉信号频率与光纤位置之间的傅里叶变换关系获取沿光纤分布的散射/反射/损耗、相位和偏振等特征信息,可进一步反演光纤感测的温度、应力/应变等外界物理场分布。相比于时域、相干域等分布式测量技术,OFDR的优点是可兼顾高空间分辨率、高测量灵敏度、长测量距离、大动态范围、高速响应等性能。回顾了OFDR的测量原理,综述了分布式测量噪声来源、空间点扩展函数退化机理以及测量误差与噪声抑制等OFDR性能提升关键技术;推导了基于OFDR分布式传感的测量极限,分析了提升传感精度与测量距离的若干方法;概述了国内外OFDR仪器发展现状及其在集成波导器件与保偏光纤等测试、光纤陀螺环内部应力传感等应用范例,最后展望了未来的若干研究方向。
Significance Distributed fiber sensing and measurement techniques have been given attractive attention in recent decades due to high sensitivity,high resolution,and large capacity.They have found a wide range of applications in the structural health monitoring of civil infrastructures such as bridges and dams,power-transmission line monitoring,oil-gas extraction and pipeline leakage detection,marine geophysical exploration,dynamic measurement,fiber-optic device characterization,fault diagnosis,etc.On the one hand,distributed measurement techniques can be categorized in principle into scattering effects(including Rayleigh backscattering,Brillouin scattering,and Raman scattering)and coupling effects(polarization crosstalk).On the other hand,these techniques can be divided into optical time domain reflectometry(OTDR),optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR),and optical coherence domain reflectometry(OCDR).OTDR employs the short and high power light pulse for interrogation,which is an effective tool for long distances.However,the tradeoff between sensing length and spatial resolution restricts the measurements to only meter-level spatial resolutions.OCDR utilizes the low coherence light from a broadband light source.They can offer a micrometer-level spatial resolution,whereas the measurement range is less than a few meters.OFDR is a distributed optical fiber measurement method based on the frequency-modulated continuous wave principle in the optical domain.It obtains the characteristics,such as scattering/reflection/loss and polarization features,along the optical fiber according to the mapping relationship between the Fourier transformation frequency of the interference signal and the characteristic location.In addition,the distribution of external physical fields,such as temperature/stress/strain sensing,can be further acquired.Unlike distributed measurement methods based on time-domain or coherent-domain,OFDR offers superior comprehensive properties,including high spatial resolution,high measurement sensitivit
作者
杨军
林蹉富
邹晨
喻张俊
王云才
秦玉文
Yang Jun;Lin Cuofu;Zou Chen;Yu Zhangjun;Wang Yuncai;Qin Yuwen(Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Photonic Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication,Ministry of Education of China,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)
出处
《光学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期66-89,共24页
Acta Optica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3205200)
国家杰出青年科学基金(61925501)
国家自然科学基金(62127815)
广东省引进创新创业团队(2019ZT08X340)
广东省“珠江人才计划”(2019CX01X010)。
关键词
光频域反射技术
测量退化机理
分布式传感极限
光频域反射仪器
高性能应用
optical frequency domain reflectometry
measuring degradation mechanism
distributed sensing limitation
optical frequency domain reflection instrument
high-performance application
