摘要
人类对全球碳循环的影响主要来自于土地利用活动,随着露天煤矿开采进程加快,矿区内碳排放量增加、生态系统功能下降等问题显著,亟需探索低碳下生态效益最佳的土地利用优化结构,为西北干旱荒漠矿区土地利用结构优化调整提供理论支持。本研究以乌海市骆驼山矿区为研究对象,在矿区土地利用碳排放量核算的基础上,利用多目标线性规划模型以低碳排放和高生态系统服务价值为目标,探究矿区土地利用最优结构。研究结果:优化后的草地和水域面积有所增加,采矿用地和未利用地面积有所减少;与2021年相比,优化后方案碳排放量降低了19045.93tC,生态系统服务价值提升了5338.14万元。研究结果表明,以土地利用碳排放最小化、生态系统服务价值最大化为目标的矿区土地利用结构优化方案可以在低碳减排下,实现土地利用生态效益的提升,以期为西北干旱荒漠区矿山土地利用结构优化和生态修复工作提供科学指导。
Humans affect the global carbon cycle primarily through land use activities.In particular,the acceleration of opencast coal mining has induced serious problems such as the increase of carbon emissions in mining areas and the decline of ecosystem functions.Therefore,it has become critical to explore optimal land use structures with the best ecological benefits under low carbon emissions and provide theoretical support for the optimization and adjustment of land use structures in arid desert mining areas,especially in northwest China.Taking the Luotuoshan mining area in Wuhai City of northwest China as the research area,this study estimated carbon emissions from land use activities in the mining area and constructed a land use optimization scheme focused on low carbon emission and high ecological service value using a multi-objective programming model.The results showed that under the optimization scheme,the area of grassland and water land use types increased,while those of mining land and unused land decreased.Compared with 2021,the optimization scheme could decrease carbon emissions by 19045.93 tC and increase the ecosystem service value by 53381400 yuan.Thus,the optimization scheme of land use structure can improve the ecological benefits of land use and ensure low carbon emission in mining areas.The findings will provide scientific guidance for the optimization of the land use structure and ecological restoration in arid desert areas of northwest China.
作者
刘佳琪
杨建英
赵廷宁
魏广阔
李瑞鹏
奎国娴
艾宪锋
LIU Jiaqi;YANG Jianying;ZHAO Tingning;WEI Guangkuo;LI Ruipeng;KUI Guoxian;AI Xianfeng(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
基金
The Integrated Demonstration Research on Ecological Restoration and Ecological Safety Guarantee Technology in Mining Area(2017YFC0504406)。
关键词
土地利用结构优化
多目标规划
露天煤矿
碳排放
optimization of land use structure
multi-objective planning
opencast coal mine
carbon emissions
