摘要
【目的】针对夏季城市热岛效应加剧、园林屋顶绿化养护管理成本高及景观同质化严重等问题,探讨自生草本植物在屋顶绿化中的夏季气候适应性,以期丰富屋顶绿化植物种类,构建低维护植物景观来缓解城市热岛效应。【方法】通过构建绿色屋顶容器式实验平台,采用实验验证法对成都市16种常见的自生草本植物开展为期3个月的适应性观测,分析自生草本植物的生长高度、地面覆盖度、植物存活期等相关数据。【结果】求米草、狗牙根、白茅、山莴苣、马兰、薄荷、马蹄金、车前、铁苋菜9种植物在极端高温、干旱的气候条件下长势较好,适宜成都市屋顶绿化的夏季气候条件,具有应用优势。水芹、荩草、狗尾草、淡竹叶、鱼眼草、犁头尖、龙葵无法适应屋顶绿化气候环境,不适合成都市屋顶绿化植物造景应用。【结论】研究结果为城市屋顶绿化应用提供多样植物选择依据,创新了屋顶绿化材料运用,自生植物更适宜低维护、可持续植物景观,具有重要的社会价值、生态价值。
[Objective] The rapid development of global urbanization leads to the intensification of urban heat island effect, which poses a potential threat to human health and life safety. Roof greening can give full play to the ecological benefits of green space to alleviate urban heat island effect, but it faces some problems such as high maintenance and management cost and serious homogeneity of landscape. Spontaneous vegetation with high ecological value,low maintenance and vigorous spontaneous growth have the potential to become urban plantscape. Chengdu has the advantages of early development of roof greening, abundant species of wild plants, and support of roof greening policies. Therefore, this research took Chengdu as an example to discuss the climate adaptability of spontaneous vegetation in roof greening in summer, with a view to enriching types of roof greening plants at low cost and alleviating urban heat island effect.[Methods] The habitat types of spontaneous vegetation in urban areas are determined by literature review, supplemented by data on 30 m fine land cover of Chengdu in 2020 provided by the geographic big data cloud platform(mainly referring to the distribution range of irrigated farmland to guide the collection of spontaneous vegetation). The classification and zoning of investigation for spontaneous vegetation is conducted through a comprehensive literature review and the application of big data analysis. The research contents include the variety types, morphological characteristics, root length and ornamental value of spontaneous vegetation. Finally, the collection of spontaneous vegetation and the experimental planting on the roof are carried out. According to the occurrence frequency, growth and reproduction of spontaneous vegetation identified during the investigation, 16 species of spontaneous vegetation are selected. Experimental verification method is used to construct a green roof module experiment platform with soil depth less than 10 cm which is on the sixth floor of a teaching building
作者
胡锐
陈睿智
HU Rui;CHEN Ruizhi(the School of Architecture,Southwest Jiaotong University)
出处
《风景园林》
北大核心
2024年第4期104-110,共7页
Landscape Architecture
基金
四川省科技计划项目“基于自然的解决方案(NbS)视角下城市自生植物立体绿化精细化管控研究”(编号2023JDR0266)。
关键词
屋顶绿化
气候适应性
低维护植物景观
自生植物
植被生长监测
roof greening
climate adaptability
low-maintenance plantscape
spontaneous vegetation
plant growth monitoring
