摘要
在实际配送中,考虑车速受不同天气、不同时段的影响,根据电动车辆行驶速度与能耗之间的函数关系,以电动车固定行驶成本、能耗成本、时间惩罚成本构成的总运输费用最小为目标,以车辆载重、车辆电池容量、客户时间窗、车辆速度为约束条件,构建动态环境下基于换电模式和时变速度的电动汽车路径优化模型。用遗传算法对模型求解,采用实数编码、轮盘赌选择算子、随机单点交叉、随机变异的方式,并以小变异率提高局部搜索能力,然后与车辆速度恒定时的几种情况进行对比。试验结果表明,所建立的优化模型更符合实际情况,能够根据客户属性和动态环境下的路网特性,合理安排发车、规划配送路径和顺序,从而降低配送成本,为物流企业运营车辆和优化配送提供参考。
In the actual distribution,considering the vehicle speed is affected by different weather and different time periods,according to the function relationship between speed and energy consumption of electric vehicles,with the objective of minimum total transportation cost composed of the fixed driving cost,energy consumption cost and time penalty cost of the electric vehicle,and with vehicle load,battery capacity,customer time window,and vehicle speed as constraints,a routing optimization model of electric vehicle based on power change mode and time-varying speed in dynamic environment is constructed.Genetic algorithm is used to solve the model with real number coding,roulette operator,random single point crossover,random variation,and small variation rate to improve the local search ability,and then it is compared with several cases when the vehicle speed is constant.The experimental results show that the established optimization model is more in line with the actual situation,and can reasonably arrange vehicle departures and plan distribution paths and sequences,according to the customer and road network in the dynamic environment,so as to reduce the distribution costs,and provide a reference for logistics enterprises to operate vehicles and optimize their distribution.
作者
周妮
王文
薛晗
陈琼
ZHOU Ni;WANG Wen;XUE Han;CHEN Qiong(Navigation College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)
出处
《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2024年第1期39-46,共8页
Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science
基金
厦门市自然科学基金项目(3502Z20227212)
福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT210221,JAT220181)
福建省本科高校教育教学研究项目(FBJG20220200)
国家自然科学基金项目(52201411)
集美大学科研基金项目(ZQ2022042)。
关键词
物流配送
时变速度
遗传算法
换电式电动车
路径问题
总运输费用
logistics engineering
time-varying speed
genetic algorithm
switching electric vehicles
path problems
total transportation cost
