摘要
为明确暹罗芽孢杆菌Y-54对番茄叶霉病的生防作用,给番茄叶霉病的生物防治提供科学依据,采用对峙及显微观察方法测定菌株Y-54对导致番茄叶霉病的黄褐孢霉菌的抑制作用,以灌根法研究拮抗菌株Y-54在番茄中的定殖变化,采用浸种法和灌根法研究菌株Y-54对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的促生作用,并通过盆栽试验测定了防治效果。结果表明,菌株Y-54及其发酵液和无菌滤液均对番茄叶霉病菌有较强的抑制作用,抑制率分别达到78.42%、86.42%和91.26%;无菌滤液可使番茄叶霉病菌菌丝变形弯曲、萎缩、膨胀、断裂等;菌株Y-54在接种30 d内均可在番茄根茎叶部位定殖,15~18 d时达到定殖高峰,其中在根部的定殖量始终高于其他部位。菌株Y-54可以有效地促进种子的萌发,其发酵原液(0×)可使种子发芽率达到最高,为93.33%;并且能有效促进幼苗根长、株高、鲜质量、叶绿素含量等各项指标的增长,发酵原液(0×)和10×、20×发酵液的促生作用显著高于无菌水(CK)。菌株Y-54发酵原液(0×)对番茄叶霉病的防效在7 d和14 d时分别达68.04%和71.07%,接近于苯醚甲环唑处理,显著高于喷施多菌灵处理。综上,菌株Y-54对番茄叶霉病具有较好的防效,是一株值得深入开发利用的生防菌。
In order to clarify the biocontrol effect of Bacillus siamensis Y‐54 against tomato leaf mold and provide a scientific basis for the biological control of tomato leaf mold,the inhibitory effect of strain Y‐54 on Cladosporium fulvum was measured by confrontation and microscopic observation,and the colonization of antagonistic strain Y‐54 in tomato was studied by irrigation method.The growth promoting effect of the strain Y‐54 on seed germination and seedling growth of tomato was studied by soaking seed method and filling root method.The control effect was measured by pot experiment.The result showed that strain Y‐54 and its fermentation broth and sterile filtrate all had strong inhibitory effects on C.fulvum,with inhibition rates reaching 78.42%,86.42%and 91.26%,respectively.The sterile filtrate could make mycelium of C.fulvum deform,bend,shrink,expand and break.The strain Y‐54 could colonize in the roots,stems and leaves of tomato within 30 days.The colonization of the strain Y‐54 reached the peak at 15—18 d.The colonization in the root was always higher than that in other parts.Strain Y‐54 could effectively promote seed germination.The germination rate of fermentation broth(0×)treatment was the highest,reaching 93.33%.Moreover,it could effectively promote the increase of root length,plant height,fresh weight,chlorophyll and other indexes of seedlings.The growth promoting effect of 0×,10×and 20×fermentation broth was significantly higher than that of the control with sterile water.The control effects of strain Y‐54 fermentation broth on tomato leaf mold within 7 days and 14 days were 68.04%and 71.07%,respectively,close to that of phenoxymethyclozole treatment,and significantly higher than that of carbendazim treatment.In summary,the strain Y‐54 had good control effect on tomato leaf mold,and it was a biocontrol bacterium worth further development and utilization.
作者
曾婉宁
王彦譞
王繁珍
陈招荣
刘慧芹
姜永成
艾则麦提·图尔洪
李宝通
ZENG Wanning;WANG Yanxuan;WANG Fanzhen;CHEN Zhaorong;LIU Huiqin;JIANG Yongcheng;Azmat·Turhorn;LI Baotong(College of Horticulture and Landscape,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;College of Computer and Information Engineering,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Hetian Vocational Technical College,Hetian 848000,China;College of Engineering and Technology,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2024年第3期103-109,共7页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
河北省重点研发计划项目(22347402D)
新疆维吾尔自治区二次引进项目(2022008)
天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(202101080)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2023TZXD034)
2023年度新疆维吾尔自治区科技成果转化示范专项
和田地区本级技术研究与开发经费项目(20220219)。
关键词
番茄叶霉病
暹罗芽孢杆菌
定殖
促生作用
防治效果
Tomato leaf mold
Bacillus siamensis
Colonization
Growth‐promoting effect
Control effect
