摘要
粪化石是一类重要的遗迹化石,其内含物常保存被捕食生物的残余及一些微生物、软组织甚至古DNA信息,对解读地质历史时期的湖泊生态信息有重要意义。鄂尔多斯盆地南部铜川地区三叠系延长组长7段下部页岩的鱼粪石,其为略扁平的纺锤形化石,尖而薄,表面有明显的螺旋纹。观察粪化石的内含物情况,发现其主要由未完全消化的动植物残体组成,包括鱼鳞、骨骼碎片,以及以含磷白云岩为生长基的大量矿物聚集体。鱼粪化石形成于开放型淡水湖泊中的半深湖—深湖区,大部分保存完好,属于典型的原地埋葬。该鱼粪的生物源为一种大型的、鱼肠内具有较多螺旋瓣的肉食性鱼类。晚三叠世湖泊中出现了复杂的多层营养系统,主要由生产者、消费者构成,食物链较为复杂。该研究成果表明经历二叠纪末生物大灭绝的晚三叠世多层级营养湖泊生态系统已经基本恢复。另外,微生物的参与及泥质含量较高的厌氧环境使得粪化石保存完好,可为恢复和重建晚三叠世卡尼期湖泊生态系统提供重要依据。
The coprolite is an important kind of trace fossils.Its inclusions often preserved the remains of prey organisms and some microbial,soft tissue and even ancient DNA information,which are of great significance to interpret the ecological information of lakes in geological history.Fish coprolites discovered in shale of the lower part of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Tongchuan area of the southern Ordos Basin are slightly flattened,spindle-shaped,sharp and thin fossils,with obvious spiral lines on the surface.By observing inclusions of the coprolite,it is found that they are mainly composed of incompletely digested animal and plant residues,including fish scales and bone fragments,and a large number of mineral aggregates based on the phosphorus-containing dolomite.Fish coprolites were formed in the semi-deep to deep parts of the open freshwater lake.They were mostly well preserved as the typical in-situ burial.The fish coprolite was biologically sourced from a kind of large carnivorous fish with many spiral valves in its intestine.A complex multi-layer nutrition lake system,appeared in Late Triassic,was mainly composed of producers and consumers,with relatively complicated food chain.The research results show that the multi-level nutrient lake ecosystem in Late Triassic was basically recovered after the end-Permian mass extinction.In addition,the participation of microorganisms and the anaerobic environment of high argillaceous content resulted in the well preservation of coprolites.An important basis can be provided by using the well preserved coprolite for the restoration and reconstruction of the lake ecosystem in Carnian period in Late Triassic.
作者
尤继元
周小虎
杨奕曜
白云云
张鹏
杨桂林
梁正中
李杰
YOU Jiyuan;ZHOU Xiaohu;YANG Yiyao;BAI Yunyun;ZHANG Peng;YANG Guilin;LIANG Zhengzhong;LI Jie(The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities,School of Energy Engineering,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China;Shaanxi Yulin Energy Group Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719000,China;Mineral Resources Investigation Center in Xi’an,China Geological Survey,Xi'an 710100,China)
出处
《矿物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期1-10,共10页
Acta Mineralogica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42062011)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(编号:2022JM-162,2021SF-495)
陕西省教育厅青年创新团队项目(编号:23JP200)
榆林市科技局产学研项目(编号:CXY-2021-110-02,CXY-2022-73)
榆林学院高层次人才项目(编号:22GK12)。
