摘要
随着人们对美好生活需要的日益增长,城市河道水环境成为提升城市品位、改善居民生活质量的重要组成部分。各地区在水环境治理方面开展了大量的工作,整体水环境质量不断提升,但部分河道水质仍存在超标现象,在流域内实施了截污治污、河道清淤、生态补水等工程措施基础上,需对流域内水质超标河道进行水生态综合治理,进一步提升河道水质。研究通过现状调查摸清本底及水质提升需求,对流域内内源污染、点源污染、面源污染、大气干湿沉降污染等污染负荷分析,得出日均污染负荷,按既定的水质目标和设计水量、水文条件,计算水体所能容纳污染物的最大量,对比日均污染负荷和水体水环境容量,得出水体水环境自净容量提升需求。研究范围河道污染负荷主要来自于污水处理厂尾水和上游河道来水,河段主要污染物控制因子为COD、NH_3-N、TP,结合生态湿地净化原理及净化效率、生态塘库沉水植物净化作用、生态河道对水体中氮、磷的净化能力,以复合型生态湿地为水质净化核心功能区以生态塘库及生态河道作为污染物降解和转化辅助措施,按区位空间条件及现状实际,提出实施生态湿地、生态塘库、生态河道多级净化复合型生态处理措施,通过多级净化,提升河道水环境自净容量,实现城市河道水质提升。该技术路线优势明显,适用性强,通过多种生态措施组合、低成本提升水环境自净容量,实现水质考核目标,并为其他区域提供可借鉴的治理思路,各区域可结合实际本底、空间条件和水质目标进一步分析研究,通过河道水质多级净化治理思路,发挥水生态建设的积极作用。
With the increasing demand for a better life,urban river water environment has become an important component of enhancing ur⁃ban taste and improving residents'quality of life.Although a large amount of work has been carried out in various regions to improve the over⁃all water environment quality,some river water quality still exceeds the standard.On the basis of implementing engineering measures such as pollution interception and control,river dredging,and ecological water replenishment in the basin,it is still necessary to carry out compre⁃hensive water ecological management for rivers with water quality exceeding the standard in the basin to further improve the water quality of the river.This study aims to understand the background and water quality improvement needs through current situation investigation.Firstly,this study analyzes the pollution loads of endogenous pollution,point source pollution,non-point source pollution,and atmospheric dry wet deposition pollution within the watershed,and obtained the daily average pollution load.Secondly,the maximum amount of pollutants that a water body can accommodate is calculated based on established water quality goals,design water volume,and hydrological conditions.Final⁃ly,by comparing the daily average pollution load and the water environment capacity of the water body,the demand for improving the self-purification capacity of the water environment is identified.The pollution load of the river in this research mainly comes from the tail water of sewage treatment plants and the water from upstream rivers.The main pollutant control factors in the river section are COD,NH3-N,TP,combined with the purification principle and efficiency of ecological wetlands,the purification effect of submerged plants in ecological ponds and reservoirs,and the purification ability of ecological rivers to nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies,taking composite ecological wet⁃lands as the core functional area for water quality purification,ecological ponds,reservoirs,and ecolo
作者
杨朝彬
YANG Chao-bin(Powerchina Ecoenvironmental Group Co.Ltd.,Shenzhen 518102,Guangdong Province,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2024年第4期83-87,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
关键词
城市河道
水质
多级净化
urban rivers
water quality
multi-level purification
