摘要
[目的]明确降解地膜对旱地农田土壤水热状况和春玉米产量的影响。[方法]设置厚度为0.010 mm普通聚乙烯地膜(T_(1))、厚度为0.008 mm的PPC降解地膜(T_(2))、厚度为0.007 mm的PPC降解地膜(T_(3))、裸地栽培(CK)4个处理,观测不同覆膜处理对陕北旱地春玉米农田的土壤水分、温度及春玉米产量的影响。[结果]在0~25 cm土层中,覆膜处理较CK的土壤温度高1.9~5.0℃,且T_(1)处理的土壤温度最高;在0~100 cm土层中,不同处理的土壤含水量表现为T_(1)>T_(2)>T_(3)>CK,覆膜处理的土壤含水量较CK高10.7%~19.3%。T_(1)处理和T_(2)处理的千粒重分别较CK显著提高14.3%和7.4%(P<0.05),产量分别较CK显著提高19.1%和14.1%(P<0.05),且T_(2)处理的春玉米秃尖率最低。各处理的春玉米水分利用率无显著差异(P>0.05)。[结论]T_(2)处理有助于改善土壤水热状况、增加春玉米产量、提高品质,可作为陕北春玉米绿色高产栽培的适宜覆膜材料。
[Objective]To determine the effect of degradable mulching film on spring maize yield in dryland farmland.[Method]Four treatments were set up:ordinary polyethylene mulching film with thickness 0.010 mm(T_(1)),PPC degradable mulching film with thickness of 0.008 mm(T_(2)),PPC degradable mulching film with thickness of 0.007 mm(T_(3)),and naked cultivation(CK).The effects of different film mulching treatments on soil moisture,temperature and yield of spring maize in dry land in northern Shaanxi were observed.[Result]In the 0-25 cm soil layer,the soil temperature of the mulching treatment was 1.9-5.0℃higher than that of the CK treatment,and the soil temperature of the T_(1)treatment was the highest.In the 0-100 cm soil layer,the soil water content of different treatments showed T_(1)>T_(2)>T_(3)>CK,The soil water content of the mulching treatment was 10.7%-19.3%higher than that of the CK.The 1000-grain weight of T_(1)and T_(2)treatments was significantly increased by 14.3%and 7.4%compared with CK(P<0.05),and the yield was significantly increased by 19.1%and 14.1%compared with CK(P<0.05),and the bald tip rate of spring maize in T_(2)treatment was the lowest.There were no significant differences in water use efficiency among different treatments(P>0.05).[Conclusion]T_(2)treatment is helpful to improve soil hydrothermal condition,increase spring maize yield and improve spring maize quality,and can be used as a suitable film mulching material for green and high-yield cultivation of spring maize in northern Shaanxi Province.
作者
武耀平
刘远超
赵殿峰
王雯
WU Yao-ping;LIU Yuan-chao;ZHAO Dian-feng(School of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000;Yulin Seed Industry Workstation,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2024年第7期52-54,71,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41763011)。
关键词
降解地膜
旱地农田
土壤水分
土壤温度
春玉米
产量
Degradable mulching film
Dry land farmland
Soil water
Soil temperature
Spring maize
Yield
