摘要
为研究秸秆还田下不同种植密度对玉米产量及土壤理化性状的影响,筛选出秸秆还田下最佳玉米种植密度,以先玉335为供试材料,在秸秆还田条件下设置WF(67 500株/hm^(2))、WSF(82 500株/hm^(2))、WSFR(97 500株/hm^(2))3个种植密度处理,分析不同种植密度对耕层土壤理化性状及玉米产量的影响。结果表明:随着种植密度增加土壤全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质质量比均呈现先增高后降低的趋势,均在种植密度为82 500株/hm^(2)时最高;土壤全盐、容重和孔隙度随着密度增加而增加;穗粒数和百粒质量随种植密度增加而减少,呈负相关关系,而667 m^(2)穗数和产量随密度增加而显著增加,呈正相关关系,当密度为97 500株/hm^(2)时产量最高,为1 065.79 kg/667 m^(2)。从产量角度考虑,WSFR(97 500株/hm^(2))为最优种植密度,从土壤养分角度考虑,WSF(82 500株/hm^(2))为最优种植密度。
To investigate the effects of different planting densities on maize yield and soil physicochemical properties under straw return,and to screen out the optimal maize planting density under straw return,this experiment used Xianyu 335 as the test material.Under the condition of straw returning,three planting densities were set:WF(67500 plants/hm2),WSF(82500 plants/hm2)and WSFR(97500 plants/hm2).The effects of different planting densities on the physicochemical properties of soil and maize yield in the cultivated layer were analyzed.The results show that the contents of total nitrogen,alkaline nitrogen,fast-acting phosphorus,fast-acting potassium and organic matter all increased first and then decreased with the increase in planting density,reaching the highest at a planting density of 82500 plants/hm2.The total salt,bulk weight and porosity increased with increased planting density.The number of grains per panicle and the 100-grain weight decreased with the increase in planting density,showing a negative correlation,while the number of panicles per hectare and yield significantly increased with planting density,showing a positive correlation.The highest yield was 1065.79 kg/667 m2 at a density of 97500 plants/hm2.From the viewpoint of yield,WSFR(97500 plants/hm2)is the optimal planting density,and from the viewpoint of soil nutrients,WSF(82500 plants/hm2)is the optimal planting density.
作者
马楠
康建宏
吕开源
谭小敏
刘素
Ma Nan;Kang Jianhong;LüKaiyuan;Tan Xiaomin;Liu Su(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《农业科学研究》
2024年第1期38-43,共6页
Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏高质量发展与生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-3-02)
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03072)
宁夏重点研发项目(2019BBF02003)。
关键词
秸秆还田
种植密度
玉米
土壤理化性质
产量
straw return
planting density
maize
soil physicochemical properties
yield
